1. LEADERSHIP By
Devpriya Dey

2. LEADERSHIP
It is the behaviour of an individual when he is directing, influencing the activity of the group towards a shared goal.
Leadership is the process of encouraging and helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
Leadership is the process of influencing people and providing an environment for them to achieve team or organisational objectives.

3. Leaders’ Behaviour Task Behaviours (Initiating Structure)
Specified roles and tasks
Plan assignments
Schedule work
Set performance standards
Develop procedures
People Behaviours (Consideration)
Be friendly
Be supportive
Show trust and confidence in subordinates
Show concern for subordinates’ welfare
Give recognition to subordinates for their accomplishments

4. Major qualities of a successful leader
Emotional stability
Human relations
Empathy (Understanding the problems of other individuals & kindness towards others )
Objectivity
Motivating skills (self motivation & motivating followers)
Technical skills
Communicating skills
Social skills

5. Seven leadership competencies
Drive
Leadership motivation
Integrity
Self-confidence
Intelligence
Knowledge of the business
Emotional intelligence

6. LEADERS VS MANAGERS Leadership is doing right things BUT Management is doing things right

7. STYLES OF LEADERSHIP
Autocratic Leadership: - The leader is the decision maker, determines policies and maintains personal distance from employees.
Participative Leadership -Takes Decision by consultation, group determines policies, democratic. 
Free Rein Leadership- Complete delegation of authority in the hands of subordinates. Here the subordinates are well trained & highly knowledgeable.

8. Autocratic Leadership
–Centralizes power and decision making in himself and exercises complete over the subordinates
–He sets the group goals and structures the work
–determines policies and strategies;
–decides on composition and tasks of work teams;
–personally gives praise and criticism
–maintains personal distance from employees
–Subordinates are compelled to follow the leader‘s directions

9. Participative Leadership
–Leader practices leadership by consultation
–Decisions are arrived at after consultation with participants
–group determines policies and strategies
–gives technical advice whenever the group needs it
–allows freedom to group members to choose their teams
–tries to be objective in providing rewards and criticism
–participates in discussions

10. Free-rein Leadership
Avoids power and relinquishes (gives up) the leadership position
Organisation goals have been communicated well and are acceptable to the subordinates
Leader is interested in delegating decision making fully
The subordinates themselves are well trained & highly knowledgeable

11. Theories of Leadership
TRAIT THEORY OF LEADERSHIP
Leaders have certain traits. They are born & not made. If these traits are identified & measured, organisations can select leaders based on these traits.
BEHAVIORAL THEORY OF LEADERSHIP
It is based on what leaders do & not on what qualities/traits leaders have.
BLAKE & MOUTON’S MANAGERIAL GRID THEORY
Balancing the TASK (concern for production) & PEOPLE (concern for employees) orientation with a 9 grid model

12. Theories of Leadership
FIELDER’S THEORY OF LEADERSHIP
Task orientation vs Relationship oriented.( Same as Managerial Grid)
PATH GOAL THEORY OF LEADERSHIP by Robert
Leaders show path to the followers to achieve work goals.
Leaders adopt 4 characteristics at different situations in showing the path.
Directive – task
Supportive - people
Participative – both task & people
Achievement- sets challenging goals & displays confidence in their abilities

13. Use of leadership Styles

14. McGregor‘s theory X theory Y()

15. Rally Round the flag Effect
The tendency for followers to make positive attributions about their leaders when they appear to be working to keep things together during crisis situation.