1. Genomes
Learning Goal: To explore the important applications of genome research.
Success Criteria:
I know I am succeeding when I can…
explain the significance of the Human Genome Project
compare and contrast different genomes
explain the importance of DNA banks
describe the uses of forensic DNA evidence
explain how the National DNA Data Bank and DNA fingerprinting helps law enforcement agencies

2. The Human Genome Project
Human Genome Project (HGP): a collaborative worldwide project to sequence the nitrogenous bases in human DNA
launched in 1990 and results published in 2000
“We finished the genomic map, now we can’t figure out to fold it.”

3. The Human Genome
human genome: the sequence of DNA nitrogenous bases found on the 23 sets of chromosomes in humans (made up of about 3 billion base pairs)
coding DNA: a region of DNA that contains a sequence of nucleotides that will be expressed; a gene (little as 2 % of the human genome)
non-coding DNA: a region of DNA that does not contain a sequence of nucleotides that will be expressed (“junk” DNA)

4. Other Genomes different genomes contain different numbers of genes
the number of genes is not proportional to genome size
human genome contains approximately genes

5. Other Genomes
functional genomics: the study of the relationship between genes and their function
scientists study other organisms that are genetically similar to humans called model organism
because the mouse genome is very similar to the human genome in gene function they are model organisms for human genetic studies

6. DNA Identification
people can now have their DNA screened for numerous genetic disorders
DNA banks can be used to store DNA for future use
can store DNA of endangered species and plants, as well as fish
In the 1920s, Phoebus Levene discovered that DNA had three main components:
About 3 billion pairs of nucleotides make up the human genome.

7. DNA Identification Cont’d…
DNA fingerprinting a pattern of bands on a gel that is unique to each individual
forensic DNA evidence is frequently used in Canadian criminal trials used to link a suspect to a crime
the National DNA Data Bank in Canada stores the DNA of convicted criminals
DNA fingerprinting may be used to settle paternity suits, determine ancestry, locate long-lost relatives, or identify remains

8. Activity: Create a Fingerprint
use an interactive online activity to create a DNA fingerprint of a suspect to solve a crime
NOVA Create a DNA Fingerprint
In the 1920s, Phoebus Levene discovered that DNA had three main components:
About 3 billion pairs of nucleotides make up the human genome.

9. Homework read pages 240-244 in your text answer 6.3 questions #1-8
Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres