1. Normal kidney
This fat is normal

2. Simple cysts

3. Normal kidney but still having the fetal lobulated pattern (normal)

4. Acute pyelonephritis
Acute inflammatory cells in interstitium
Acute inflammatory cells attacking the tubules
glomerulus

5. Acute pyelonephritis
Acute inflammatory cells attacking the tubule
Acute inflammatory cells in interstitium

6. Acute pyelonephritis
Acute inflammatory cells in interstitium

7. Necrotizing papillitis (papillary necrosis)…a special pattern of acute pyelonephritis especially in diabetics

8. Candida as highlighted by PAS stain
Pyelonephritis due to candida
Normal transitional epithelium…from adjacent renal calyces

9. Chronic pyelonephritis (as you see lymphocytes in interstitium)

10. Chronic pyelonephritis (as you see lymphocytes, plasma cells & few eosinophils in interstitium)

11. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (a complication of long standing chronic pyelonephritis)…as you see it may appear as a suspicious mass

12. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
Foamy macrophages
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
lymphocyte
Epithelioid histiocytes

13. Renal oncocytoma..
Bland nuclei and bulky fine granular eosinophilic cytoplasm

14. Renal oncocytoma..
Bland nuclei and bulky fine granular eosinophilic cytoplasm

15. Renal oncocytoma..
Bland nuclei and bulky fine granular eosinophilic cytoplasm

16. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
…clear cytoplasm due to fat & glycogen
…the nuclei in this example are low grade (we have Fuhrman grading for renal cell carcinoma especially used for clear cell type)

17. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
..higher grade than the previous example
Adjacent normal tubules

19. Fibrovascular core
Papillary RCC
Malignant cells

20. Papillary RCC
Fibrovascular core

21. The core here is filled with foamy macrophages and this is common to occur in papillary RCC
Malignant cells

22. Chromophobe RCC Perinuclear halo is characteristic
.. …the nuclei are atypical (hyperchromatic with irregular nuclear contours)

23. Chromophobe RCC Perinuclear halo is characteristic
…the nuclei are atypical (hyperchromatic with irregular nuclear contours)

24. Same notes as
The previous 2 examples
Chromophobe RCC

25. Chromophobe RCC
Hale’s colloidal iron special stain..
It stains mucin blue

26. Umbrella cells
Normal transitional cell epithelium (urothelium)

27. Urothelial carcinoma in situ: enlarged nuclei, pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, prominent nucleoli & mitoses…
Cells with these features are seen in the urothelium without BM disruption
Hyperchromatic cells

28. Urothelial carcinoma in situ: enlarged nuclei, pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, prominent nucleoli & mitoses…
Cells with these features are seen in the urothelium without BM disruption

29. Urothelial carcinoma in situ: enlarged nuclei, pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, prominent nucleoli & mitoses…
Cells with these features are seen in the urothelium without BM disruption

30. Papillary urothelial carcinoma

31. Papillary urothelial carcinoma

32. Papillary urothelial carcinoma

33. Papillary urothelial carcinoma
Fibrovascular core
A large papilla

34. Thank You