1. The Chaparral By:kyra Middleton
 The Chaparral
By:kyra Middleton

2. Fun fact!
Depending on who you talk to this biome could be called by a variety of different names. It is found surrounding  large parts of the Mediterranean Sea and is thus sometimes called the Mediterranean Biome, others call it a Woodland Biome, while others call it a Shrub or Chaparral Biome

3. What is it? 
This subtropical Mediterranean biome, composed of shrub lands and woodlands is called the maquis in Europe. Chaparral is the California name for this biome
Source-

4. Abiotic factor- Precipitation
Precipitation Range- 
Gets  10 to 17 inches of rain per year
Most rain comes in the winter
Receives very little rain 

6. Abiotic factor- Temperature range
The Temperature ranges from between 30° and 100° F.
During the summer the climate is very hot and dry receiving very little rain
In general, the average temperature of the coldest months is 64° F
The temperature may vary depending on what chaparral you're in
Usually have mild winters, and hot dry summers
Abiotic factor- Temperature range

7. Abiotic factor- Soil Soil characteristics-
Soil is very nutrient poor, and vulnerable to erosion due to human charge. 
Due to erosion the soil it can leave behind bare rock and clay 
Abiotic factor- Soil
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8. Abiotic factor- Location
 Commonly found-
Chaparrals can be found from 30° to 50° N and 30° to 40° S latitudes
The biome occurs in central and southern coast of California; the coast areas of the Mediterranean Sea; coastal western and southern Australia; the Chilean coast in South America, and the Cape Town region of South Africa.
Mainly found next to oceans
Abiotic factor- Location 

9. https://www.nps.gov/samo/learn/nature/chapa rral.htm
Biotic Factors
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10. The plants that live there have to be drought tolerant and have to adapt to wildfires happening because wildfires are very common
Some shrubs, such as laurel sumac, live through the hot summer droughts by utilizing extensive root systems for gathering water deep underground.
Others have shallow roots and smaller leaves with the ability to tolerate extreme water loss.
Many chaparral plant species require heat, smoke, or charred wood to stimulate germination.
Plant Adaptations 
The chaparral plant community normally inhabits the mesas and mountain slopes of the interior but also intermingles with the coastal sage scrub community along the coast.
The plants with the high concentrations of flammable material and usually have adaptations to deal with fire - heavy bark, root systems that can sprout new shoots quickly after a fire, seeds that can survive fires, etc. 
Plants that can be found here include-  Poison oak, scrub oak, Yucca Wiple and other shrubs, trees and cacti.

11. Animal adaptations The Animals usually don’t require a lot of water
Most are nocturnal to avoid the heat of the day, so they also hunt for prey at night
 Most are agile climbers 
Forage over larger areas and varying their diet to include the often scrubby brush lands.
Have camouflage to bend in and avoid predators 
Animal adaptations 
Example, is a Jackrabbit (live in the southwest of a America in the California chappals) They conserve water by eating their food twice. When they poop out their food the first time, they will eat the poop and digest it again, getting even more of the moisture out. Get most of their water from the plants that they eat.  Have large ears to exert heat from, cooling them down. 

12. Common Animals of different Chaparrals
Island Grey Fox (California)
Cactus Wren (California)
Bezoar Goat (Greek Islands and in the Middle East)
The female will select a nesting site in low, thorny trees or shrubs
 It has adapted to its hot habitat by shifting its foraging behavior according to the temperature.
 Over time the foxes became smaller and smaller. Because there is a limited supply of food, water and territory on an island, large foxes had a hard time surviving.
A special adaptation of the goat is its wool which helps it survive the harsh mountain climate. Another adaptation is its horns, which it uses to defend itself and fight for females.

13. https://animalcorner.co.uk/biomes/chaparral/
Sources
(n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2017, from
M., L. (2000). Chaparral Biome. Retrieved October 10, 2017, from