1. Ben Van Der Kar Advisor ~ Donaldo Urioste WLC 2013
The Influence of Spain on California Agriculture: Before, During, and After the Missionization Period( )
Ben Van Der Kar
Advisor ~ Donaldo Urioste
WLC 2013

2. Abstract
This presentation answers the question of how the agriculture of California has been influenced by the presence of the Spanish during the missionization period from To gain a more full perspective of this influence, the presentation is divided into three sections which include: pre-missionization, the missionization period, and the Spanish legacy after the missionization period.

3. Table of Contents Abstract Pre-missionization Map of California tribes
The missionization period
Fruits & veggies at the missions
Animals at the missions
Mission irrigation
Map of a mission blueprint
Spanish legacy after 1833
Conclusion
References

4. Introduction ~ Significance of the Study
Today, California has one of the largest agricultural economies in the world, but just a few hundred years ago, agriculture was only practed on a very small scale.
¿How did the roughly sixty year Spanish reign of California play a role in changing the agricultural systems and practices both before and after?

5. The Indigenous People of California ~ prior to 1769 ~
Ethnobotany of the indigenous peoples
Methods of obtaining sustenance
Staple foods
Acorns
Seafood

7. California Missionization Period ~1769-1833~
¿When?
¿Why?
¿How?

8. Fruits & Veggies Grown at the Missions
The Spaniards introduced many fruits and vegetables to California
Seeds brought to California over land and sea were planted at the missions
The indigenous peoples were taught to tend to the new agricultural system of planting, irrigating, etc

9. Fruits & Veggies Grown at the Missions
Citrus
Grapes
Corn
Squash
Beans
Tomatoes
Apples
Wheat 
Pears

10. Animals at the Missions
Cattle were raised for their meat, their hides, and for help plowing the fields
Sheep were raised for their wool
Horses allowed for better transportation of people and other goods
Pigs were raised for meat consumption
Chickens were raised for their eggs and meat

11. This drawing shows two California natives, two non-native steers, and a primitive plow preparing a field for planting.

12. Irrigation at the Missions

14. Spanish Legacy After 1833
Secularization of the missions by the Mexican government in 1833 put an end to Spanish reign of California
The agricultural crops and practices introduced by the Spaniards continued, the impact of which is still felt today
Sheep & cattle were both at one point the leading agricultural industry in California
Citrus and olive groves, vineyards, and animal-filled pastures are common sights in California

16. Conclusion
The importation of fruits, vegetables, and animals has had a transcendental impact on the agriculture and ecology of California. From a time in which agriculture barely existed to the present where agriculture is one of the most important industries in the state, the agricultural changes brought about during the Spanish period can still be seen and felt today.

17. References
Pictorial History of California. Paul C. Johnson. (Chapters: Indian Eden & Spanish Transplant.)
Johnson, Paul C. Pictorial History of California,. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Print.
Antepasados – Publication of Los Californianos. Anza Correspondence Donald T. Garate. Volume VIII 1995
"La Huerta Project." The Santa Barbara Independent. N.p., 23 Jan Web. 06 Feb
Cleveland-Peck, Patricia. "Plant Dispersal: Atlantic Crossings." History Today. History Today Volume: 61 Issue: , n.d. Web. 06 Feb
White, Stewart Edward. Old California: In Picture and Story. New York: Garden City, Print.