1. Isotopes

2. General info on isotopes
Isotopes: atoms of the same element (protons are the same) but they have different numbers of neutrons.
Isotopes of the same element have some different physical properties, that is, density, rate of diffusion, and atomic mass, but chemical properties remain the same.
The atomic mass on the periodic table is actually a combination of all the atomic masses of all the isotopes for that element.
Mass number= mass of a particular isotope.It is the number of protons and neutrons added together.

3. Calculating the most common number of neutrons for an element using a periodic table.
Formula: atomic mass
- atomic number
Number of neutrons
Example: Carbon
12.011g atomic mass
Atomic number
6.011 neutrons or 6 neutrons

4. Notation used for isotopes
Atomic mass
atomic number

5. The End

6. Mass Spectrometer

7. Mass Spectrometer

8. When a sample is introduced into the machine the vaporized sample becomes ionized to form the molecular ion M+(g).
Inside the machine this ion will break down into characteristic fragments which are also deflected by the magnetic field and which then show up as peaks on the detector.
By looking at the difference in mass from the parent peak it is often possible to identify particular fragments.

9. Results from a mass spectrometer