1. Summary Report of an APEC-wide Foresight Study: Future Fuel Technology
Co-organizers:
The Government of Canada
Industrial Technology Research Institute , Chinese Taipei
National Metal and Materials Technology Center
APEC Center for Technology Foresight
National Science and Technology Development Agency
Ministry of Science and technology, Thailand

2. Foresighting Future Fuel Technology
A project of the APEC Industrial Science and Technology Working Group (ISTWG) in collaboration with the APEC Energy Working Group
To examine rapidly emerging technologies for fuel for transportation and stationary energy production.
hydrogen
bio-fuels
conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons
Ambitious but realistic visions
Some of the technologies to be examined are:
Transportation Fuels
o       Fuel cells and other hydrogen-chemical portable systems
o       Upgrading of conventional hydrocarbons, including gas from clean coal
o       Compressed natural gas and similar mixtures
o       Biofuels and blends
o       New high efficiency vehicles and engines
o       Hybrid vehicles and energy storage applications
o       Future methane hydrate extraction and utilization
Electrical Generation
o       Regular-sized plants based on innovative technologies and feedstocks including clean coal, biomass and nuclear.
o       Smaller distributed systems based on fuel cells using methane produced from biomass or clean coal, natural gas or smaller scale nuclear facilities.
o       Co-generation where pulp mills, integrated forest product operations and other factories converting bio-waste to electricity are able to sell surplus power back to the power grid.
2030

3. Workshops: Krabi, Thailand: 13-15 December, 2004
Scenarios Workshop for future fuels in APEC to 2030
55 participants from 12 APEC economies
Vancouver, Canada: April, 2005
The 1st Technology Roadmapping Workshop: drafting the technology roadmapping on unconventional hydro carbons, biofuels and hydrogen.
57 participants from 10 APEC economies
Ping-Tung, Chinese Taipei: August, 2005
The 2nd Technology Roadmapping Workshop: considering the possible implementation of the roadmaps and their possible integration.
47 participants from 11 APEC economies
Chiangmai, Thailand: 3-4 November 2005
The Symposium: discussing the possible cooperative projects.
160 participants from 12 economies

4. Vision of Fossil Fuel Transition Towards Hydrogen Economy

5. Feedstocks Conversion Fuel Usage Solid: Gas Liquid
Physical:
Chipping
Compacting
Drying
Solid:
Chips
Pellets
Briquette
Crops/Forestry:
Straw,
Wood, Chips
Industry/
Agriculture
heat
electricity
Crops:
Cellulosic
- based
Chemical:
Carbonization
Liquefaction
Gasification
Crops:
Starch/sugar
- based
Gas
Biogas
Syn gas
Biological:
Fermentation
Digestion
MSW
Manure
Liquid
Ethanol
Biodiesel
Transportation
Waste water
Crops: Oilseeds
Chemical:
Animal Fats

6. Gaps and Barriers for Biofuels Development

7. Biofuel Roadmap with Timeline and Linkages to Other Fuel Types
2030
Biofuel
Economy
Fuel cells, H2 storage
Linkages
2020
H2 from SynGas
Biofuel
Development
Bio Oil - Pyrolysis
Ethanol from starch/sugar
CH4 – rich Biogas
Biodiesel
Ethanol from cellulose
SynGas
Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ( BIGCC)
Polygeneration of energy, chemicals and H2
From proof of concept to implementation
Technology
readily
available
Need specification and market for co-products
Limited experiences and further R&D needed H2
H2 - rich Biogas
hydrocarbons
2010
Diesohol
Direct combustion
2000
Biofuel Roadmap with Timeline and Linkages to Other Fuel Types
Fossil fuel-based
Economy

8. Possible Integration of Future Fuel Technologies

9. Possible areas for future cooperation_1
Inventory and construction of data base of R&D activity in APEC economies across the three areas of the study
Feasibility of small scale gas to liquids plants for remote gas fields
Prospects for clean coal technology and CO2 sequestration
Biodiesel production, storage and blending

10. Possible areas for future cooperation_2
Fuel processing and reforming technology for production of hydrogen for fuel cells
Potential for bioethanol production from cellulose
Development of codes and standards for biofuels and for hydrogen
A comparative international study on drivers for societal acceptance of biofuels
Role of energy storage systems in an integrated fuel pattern.

11. APEC Center for Technology Foresight
For more information:
APEC Center for Technology Foresight
URL: