1. Family, Kinship, & Descent

2. Lineage
Group of kin whose members trace descent from a known or demonstrated common apical ancestor.
E.g., in one biblical genealogy, Jesus is in David’s lineage (an apical ancestor) through Joseph.
Segmentary lineages: organized in a hierarchical structure, ranked according to the number of generations they encompass.

3. Segmentary Lineage

4. Kinship Diagram of Patrilineal Descent

5. Kinship Diagram of Matrilineal Descent

6. Matrilineal and Patrilineal Descent

7. Bilateral Descent
A Kindred. A group of people, traced through bilateral descent, related to the brother and the sister shown at the bottom row, center.

8. Lineal (Eskimo) Terminology
Distinguishes 3 kinds of kin based on generation and gender and the nuclear family:
Consanguine:
Lineal (direct ancestors and descendants)
Collateral (all other biologically related kin; e.g. siblings, nephews)
and affinal (through marriage)
Most common system in Europe, Asia, and Western societies.

9. Lineal (Eskimo) Terminology