1. Learning about Programming Languages
By:
Mike and Sean

2. Brief Histories
C is a general-purpose computer programming language originally developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories to implement the Unix operating system. It is not an objected oriented language.
Java is a programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. Java is object oriented.
Python was made in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC programming language. Python is an object oriented language.

3. Concepts Aspects all programming languages share:
Booleans – Primitive data type have one of two values: True or False
if(x!=0) {
printf(“True”);
} else {
printf(“False”): }

4. …Concepts Continued
Loops – Series of commands repeated until condition becomes false.
Condition – A Boolean expression used to control loops.
i=0;
while(i<5) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”);
i++; }

5. More Concepts
Comments – Notes in the program for programmers, not shown in program.
/* This will not be printed */
Nesting – Putting one thing inside something else, such as a nested loop.
i=0, j;
while(i<5) {
for(j=0;j<3;j++) {
printf(“Hello World!\n”); }
i++;

6. Project Progress
We have learned the second of three example we will use to illustrate the differences between the languages—String arrays.
We have started to learn about Object oriented vs. non object orientated languages and will explain briefly the differences and meanings of these during the next presentation.

7. Ex. Of String Arrays Python C name = raw_input(“What is your name? “)
Print name
(Don’t have to worry about overloading the memory)
char word[10];
int i = 0;
scanf("%s", word );
printf("%s\n", word);
return 0; }
(This is only one way to do it in C, but you have to worry about overloading the memory, using the other way, you have to remember ‘\0’ at the end of every string.)

8. Ex. Of String Arrays cont
Java
class StringCharacter {
static String[] roseindia={"chanan","tapan","Amar","santosh","deepak"};
public static void main(String args[]){
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
System.out.println(roseindia[i]); }

9. References
Natural programming languages and environments Source Communications of the ACM archive Volume 47 ,  Issue 9  (September 2004) table of contents End-user development: tools that empower users to create their own software solutions
SPECIAL ISSUE: End-user development table of contents
Pages:   
Year of Publication: 2004
ISSN: Authors
Brad A. Myers John F. Pane Andy Ko Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA Bibliometrics
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