1. Warm up- copy and answer
If there is 2500 J of energy in the 1st trophic layer of this pyramid. How much energy reaches the sparrow hawk?
What type of pyramid is Pyramid B? How is it that the 1st trophic level is smaller than the other layers?

2. Species Interactions

3. What Shapes an Ecosystem?
Biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving ) factors.
Habitat- Area in which an organism lives.
Niche
Species interactions

4. What is a Niche?
Niche-
the full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives.
The way the organism uses those conditions.

5. What is a niche? Includes:
Physical conditions in which the organism lives.
Habitat.
Temperature ranges.
Position in food web.
Food choices
Reproductive strategy

6. Species Interactions
Interactions between populations within a community can greatly affect an ecosystem.
Symbiosis
Predation
Competition
Inhibition

7. Symbiosis When two species live together: Mutualism Parasitism
Commensalism

8. Symbiosis
Mutualism- two species provide resources or services to each other
Both benefit.

9. Symbiosis
Mutualism- benefit usually in –nutrition, transportation, protection
Acacia Ant
Clown Fish-
Anemone

10. Symbiosis Parasitism- One organism feeds on another Benefits parasite
Harms host
Tapeworm
Roundworm
Heartworm

11. Commensalism One species benefits from another
Enhances fitness of one species
No effect on other species
Epiphyte

12. Predation Predation- one species feeds on another
Carnivores- kill and eat one prey
Herbivores- remove and eats parts of many prey, rarely lethal
Parasites- consume nutrients from one prey, rarely lethal

13. Competition
Competition- two species require the same limited resource in an environment.
Can harm one or both species

14. Competition
Interspecific competition- between members of different species
Intraspecific competition- between members of the same species

15. Competition Competitive exclusion principle-
If two species occupy the same niche, the stronger competitor will eliminate the competitor.
Weaker competitor leaves niche or becomes extinct

16. Competitive exclusion

17. Competitive Exclusion