1. The Birth of Modern America
Ch 3 Notes
The Birth of Modern America

2. Western Movement Gold Rush (1849) Comstock Load (1859)
1,000’s to CA
Comstock Load (1859)
VA City, NV
Homestead Act (1862)
Claim public land if lived on 5 years up to 160 acres!

3. Native American Wars Massacre at Sand Creek: 1864
150 killed
Treaty of Fort Laramie: 1868
Little Bighorn: 1876
Custer’s last stand
Wounded Knee: December 1890
300 unarmed Natives killed

8. Virgil
Morgan
Wyatt

9. Frank & Tom McLowery, and Billy Clanton
Ike Clanton
Doc Holliday

10.                  
Jesse & Frank James

11.                                                             
The Younger Brothers

12. Billy The Kid

13. Sundance Kid Butch Cassidy

14. Annie
Oakley
Wild Bill
Calamity
Jane
Buffalo Bill

15. Belle Starr

17. Results Forced onto reservations Dawes Act Large scale buffalo hunting
Natives lose their food and supplies
Dawes Act
Each head of household 160 acres to farm on the reservation

18. Free Enterprise Entrepreneurs Laissez-Faire
Risk own money to start a business
Laissez-Faire
Let do, let people do as they choose
Rely on supply and demand

19. Inventions/ Inventors
Thomas Edison:
Light bulb, phonograph, moving picture camera, etc…
Samuel Morse: Telegraph
Alexander Graham Bell: Phone

20. Automatic Stock Ticker

23. Thomas Edison

24. Thomas Edison

25. Samuel Morse

26. Telegraph

27. Alexander Graham Bell

34. Railroads For ease of transport, time zones are created.
Charge more for short haul than for a long one.
Sell their grant land to corporations instead of settlers

35. Transcontinental R.R. Began in 1863 From Omaha to Sacramento
Central Pacific (Charles Crocker)
Union Pacific (Grenville Dodge)

36. Charles Crocker

37. Leland Stanford

38. Grenville Dodge

39. Irish and Chinese build most of the system
1200 lost in Sierras
May 10, 1869 it is completed at Promontory Point, Utah

43. Rise of Big Business Robber Barons Corporations
People who loot an industry and give nothing back
Corporations
Owned by many, treated as a single person

45. John D. Rockefeller

46. Cornelius Vanderbilt

47. J.P. Morgan

48. Integrations (p. 249): Horizontal Vertical
Purchase competing companies
Vertical
Purchase companies for all levels of production
Creation of monopolies

49. Labor Unions Huge raise in standard of living
Wages up 50% from
A lot of opposition
Lockouts and use of scabs
Haymarket Riot ends KOL
RR Strike of 1877 and Pullman Strike of 1894 = Army sent in

50. A.F.L. (1886) Samuel Gompers Skilled workers
No blacks, women, or immigrants
Collective bargaining, closed shops, 8 hour workday

51. Samuel Gompers

52. Immigration See US as a sort of paradise Come in the 1,000’s
Europeans arrive at Ellis Island
Asians arrive at Angel Island
Flee persecution, military service, poverty, work, etc…

53. Ellis Island

54. Arriving at Ellis Island

55. Statue of Liberty

56. Immigrants at Ellis Island

57. Health Check at Ellis

58. Angel Island

61. Immigration problems Rise in Nativism Too many Catholics and Jews
Preference for native born people
Too many Catholics and Jews
Immigrants take jobs from Americans
Work for lower wages, work as strike breakers

62. Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
Not repealed until 1943
Overcrowding cities
Segregated cities
Poor sanitation, poor housing
Tenements

66. Cities Begin growing up instead of out. Mass Transit developed
Horse cars
Trolleys
Subways

67. City transportation

69. Rise of Political Machines
Use immigrants to their advantage
Accepted bribes, used graft, sod permits to friends, etc…
Helped with assimilation

70. The Gilded Age Social Darwinism: “Survival of the fittest”
Gospel of Wealth: Use fortunes to help society
Realism: Arts, capture the world as they see it. (Mark Twain)

71. Leisure Time Watch sporting events Ride bicycles Theater
Baseball (Cincinnati Red Stockings ,1869)
Ride bicycles
Theater
Circus, Vaudeville, Burlesque

82. Social Gospel
Improve city conditions by using Biblical principles of charity and justice.
Jane Addams: Hull House
Dwight L. Moody: Redeem soul and character