1. Nervous System

2. Peripheral Nervous system – messages via spinal and cranial nerves
Central nervous system
Sensory nerves -
carry sensory info to brain and spinal cord
somatic sensory nerves - FROM skin, muslces, joints, special senses
visceral sensory nerves - FROM body organs
Motor nerves -
from CNS to effectors
Somatic motor nerves - (controls movement)
TO skin, skeletal muscles, tendons -voluntary
Autonomic motor nerves -(controls body function)
To smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, organs, glands - involuntary
Parasympathetic division
"rest and digest"
"normal state"
Sympathetic division
"Fight or flight"
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous system – messages via spinal and cranial nerves

5. Resting Potential

6. Action Potential

7. Action Potential

8. Propagation of Action Potential

11. Synaptic Integration

14. Cerebrum meninges corpus callosum Diencephalon Brain stem Cerebellum
skull
meninges
pituitary gland
fourth ventricle
spinal cord
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Cerebellum
hypothalamus
midbrain
pons
Brain stem
b. Cerebral hemispheres
lateral
ventricle
third
pineal
gland
corpus
callosum
thalamus
(surrounds the
third ventricle)
medulla
oblongata

19. Spinal Cranial
Nerve
artery
and vein
single nerve fiber
bundle of
nerve fibers

21. Somatic Nervous system
pin
dorsal root ganglion
central canal
white matter
sensory
receptor
(in skin)
gray matter
Dorsal
dorsal
horn
cell body of sensory neuron
axon of sensory neuron
cell body of interneuron
axon of motor neuron
effector
(muscle)
ventral root
cell body of
motor neuron
ventral horn
Ventral

22. Autonomic Nervous system
ganglion
inhibits tears
inhibits salivation
stimulates tears
constricts pupils
slows heart
sympathetic ganglia
vagus nerve
Sympathetic Division
Parasympathetic Division
dilates
pupils
stimulates
salivation
cranial
nerves
speeds
heart
cervical
dilates air
passages
stimulates liver to
release glucose
constricts
bronchioles
stimulates gallbladder
to release bile
adrenal
secretion
increases activity
of stomach and
pancreas
increases
intestinal
activity
inhibits activity
of kidneys,
stomach, and
decreases
intestinal activity
urination
inhibits
sacral
causes
orgasmic
contractions
erection
of genitals
lumbar
thoracic
Acetylcholine is neurotransmitter.
Norepinephrine is neurotransmitter.

23. Autonomic motor pathways
 Somatic Motor Pathway
Autonomic motor pathways
Sympathetic motor pathway
Parasympathetic motor
Control
Vol/invol
invol
involuntary
# of neurons/message 1
2 (preganglionic shorter than post)
2 (preganglionic longer than post)
Loctn of motor fiber
Most cranial nerves and all spinal nerves
Thoracic-lumbar spinal nerves
Cranial and sacral spinal nerves
Neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
Norepinephrine (NE)
Acetylcholine (Ach)
effectors
Skeletal muscle, skin, tendons
Smooth & cardiac muscle, glands, & organs