1. Revolutions in Europe Part 1
World History II

2. The Scientific Revolution
Johannes Kepler
Idea: planets are governed by laws of planetary motions (example: elliptical orbits)
William Harvey
Discovered that the heart is a pump
Nicolaus Copernicus
Idea: the earth revolves around the sun (example: heliocentric theory)

3. The Scientific Revolution
Benjamin Franklin
Discovered electricity
Isaac Newton
Discovered laws of gravity
Galileo Galilei
Proved heliocentric theory
Discovered law of pendulum

4. Philosophers/Enlightenment Thinkers
Thomas Hobbes, English
Believed social contract; thought people were selfish and wicked
Book: The Leviathan
Type of govt he would support: Absolute monarchy
John Locke, English
Believed in natural rights, people have the right to overthrow and form a new govt, “life, liberty, prosperity”
Book: Two Treatises on Government
Type of govt he would support? Democracy
Mary Wollstonecraft, English
Believed in women’s rights, “Women should have equal rights”
Book: A Vindication of the Rights of Women
Type of govt she would support: democracy

5. Philosophers/Enlightenment Thinkers
Baron de Montesquieu, English
Ideas: Separation of powers, “Power should be a check to power”
Book: On the Spirit of Laws
Govt he would support? Constitutional monarchy, democracy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Switzerland
Ideas: Direct democracy, “Man is born free and everywhere he lives in chains”
Book: The Social Contract
Voltaire, French
Ideas: religious toleration, freedom of speech, tolerance, and reason, “Crush the evil thing”
Book: wrote over 70 (essays, fiction, political essays, dramas)
Govt he would support: democracy

6. Philosophers/Enlightenment Thinkers
Thomas Jefferson, United States
Ideas: equality, democracy, “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
Writings: Declaration of Independence
Govt he would support: democracy

7. The Arts Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Composer, began at age 5
“The Marriage of Figaro,” “Don Giovanni,” “The Magic Flute”

8. The Arts Ludwig van Beethoven Composer – 5th Symphony
Wrote piano music, string quartets, and symphonies

9. And there were more…
Eugene Delacriox – Painting, “Liberty Leading The People”
Miguel de Cervantes –
Writer, “Don Quixote”
Johann Sebastian Bach –
Composer