1. Aim: Transatlantic Encounters: What are some effects of colonization in the Americas? 1) Do Now – Why would Columbus go West to get to Asia/India? 2) The first encounters take place 3) Columbian Exchange Begins 4) Conclusion – Impact on Native Americans and Africa 5) Observe and analyze photos of Columbus’s arrival

2. Meme of the day

3. Christopher Columbus
Vikings are first Europeans to land in N.A., not Columbus
Greenland in late 900s, Canada in 1000
Settlers left after three years
Christopher Columbus
Dreams of reaching India by crossing Atlantic
Convinces Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain to fund voyage

4. “in 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue”
Columbus cont.
Miscalculates the diameter of the world and distance to India
In Oct 1492 his crew lands on an island in the Caribbean
Taino – group of natives that Columbus first meets [Taino – “noble ones”
Names the island San Salvador
He believes he is in India
“in 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue”

5. First Impressions offered by Columbus
“They are friendly and well-dispositioned people who bear no arms”
“They traded and gave everything they had with good will”
2 DAYS LATER
“It would be unnecessary to build a forte here because these people are so simple in deeds of arms… If your highness order either to bring castile or to hold all of them as captives on their own island it could easily be done, because with about 50 men you could control and subjugate them all, making them do whatever you want”

6. Columbus cont.
Founds the colony La Navidad in Hispaniola and leaves for Spain
Upon his return learns men acted wildly in his absence and have been killed by Indians
Some Indians are enslaved, others sent to Europe to be slave labor

7. Colonization
When Columbus came back he brought 17 ships with 700 soldiers, 5 priests, and 1000 colonists.
This group would first occupy the Caribbean and impose their will on the American people.
Colonization – the establishment of distant settlements controlled by the parent country

8. Columbian Exchange - Exchange of products and species between old world and new world

9. Columbian Exchange Disease Livestock Grains Grapes Coffee Bean
Went to the Americas
Went to Europe, Africa, Asia
Disease
Livestock
Grains
Grapes
Coffee Bean
Citrus Fruit
Slaves
Tobacco
Tomatoes
Potatoes
Sweet Potatoes
Peppers
Coco
Corn
Turkey

10. Biological Exchange Spread of European diseases to New World
Native Americans had no resistance
Influenza, measles, chicken pox, mumps, typhus
Smallpox killed millions
95% of entire Aztec population died within a few years of contact
More than any army disease would conquer the native people throughout the Americas.

11. How is this picture evidence of the Columbian Exchange?

12. Talk to your neighbor
What are some effects of the long term consequences of Columbus’s encounters in the Americas? How do you feel about Columbus? Does the good outweigh the bad?

13. The slave trade begins
With disease reducing the native work force, European settlers turned to Africa for slaves. In the coming years, European slave ships would haul hundreds of thousands of Africans across the Atlantic to toil in the Americas.
“The labor of one [African] [is] more valuable than that of four Indians; every effort should be made to bring many” Las Casas

14. Consequences still felt in Africa
AFRICAN LOSSES The Atlantic slave trade would devastate many African societies, which lost many of their fittest members. Before the slave trade ended in the 1800s, it would drain Africa of at least 12 million people.