1. How to write a paper?

2. Progress Report Format
About 10 pages
계획 대비 실적
팀 전체 및 개인별
수행 내용
중간 결과물 (시연 포함)
애로 및 건의 사항
향후 계획 (Weekly schedule)
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3. Final Report Format About 10 pages 계획 대비 실적 수행 내용 최종 결과물 (시연 포함)
팀 전체 및 개인별
수행 내용
최종 결과물 (시연 포함)
기대효과 및 활용 방안
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4. Papers communicate ideas
Your goal: to infect the mind of your reader with your idea, like a virus!
The quality of the writing reflects the quality of the research
The greatest ideas are (literally) worthless if you keep them to yourself

5. Good writing Clear Exact Concise
No ambiguity, no inconsistency
No wooly words
Concise
Least words
Short words
A good paper doesn't come out perfect first time for anyone.
Go through several revisions before they reach the final product!
Bad writing : Words don’t do justice to your ideas
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6. Paper writing process
Start with an outline of the paper sketching out what's going to go in the introduction etc.
Use subtopics and subject sentences to build your outline.
Then write a rough draft that includes the main ideas and fleshes out your topic sentences into paragraphs in rough form.
Write the first draft as quickly as possible
Secret of writing is rewriting
Secret of rewriting is re-thinking

7. Overview of peer review process
Paper Submitted
Notification to Author
Confirmation of Receipt
Revise
Accept
Initial Decision by Editor
Revision Received
Rejection
Decide to Review
Revision Checked
Assign Reviewers
Reviewers Accept Invite
Reviews Completed
Paper sent to Publisher
Revise
Accept
Reject

8. Your narrative flow Here is a problem It’s an interesting problem
It’s an unsolved problem
Here is my idea
My idea works (details, data)
Here’s how my idea compares to other people’s approaches

9. Structure Details Section Purpose Length (A4) No of Readers Title
Clearly describes contents
1000
Authors
Ensures recognition for the writer(s)
100
Abstract
Describes what was done
4 sentences
Key Words (some journals)
Ensures the article is correctly identified in abstracting and indexing services
Introduction
Background, problem, objective, idea, contribution
1 page
Problem
Explains the problem 10
Related Work
Prior work that has been done
1~2 pages
Idea
Describes solution
Details
Methods
Evidence
Explains how the idea works
3~5 pages 3
Results
Describes what was discovered
Discussion
Discusses the implications of the findings
Acknowledgements
Ensures those who helped in the research are recognised
½ pages
References
Appendices (some journals)
Provides supplemental data
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10. Structure
A good paper has a definite structure, makes its point, and does not waste space and time
The most difficult part in writing a scientific paper is planning its structure
Sections and subsections
In the first draft: random order
Afterwards: the ideas must be numbered and an order generated
Hierarchy of sub-subs
Max of 3 for typographical distinction

11. Title
Describes the paper’s content clearly and precisely including keywords
Is the advertisement for the article
Search engines/indexing databases depend on the accuracy of the title
Easier to understand, more impact
Max info in least words
Do not use abbreviations and jargon

12. Abstract Abstract is a shortened version of the paper
Briefly summarize to have the greatest impact in as few words as possible
Many authors write the abstract last so that it accurately reflects the content of the paper
Remember, the goal is to get the reader to read the introduction …
The reader can decide whether or not to read the whole article

13. Common problems with abstracts
Too long or too short
Too much detail
Failure to include important information
Objective of research
Many papers are badly written and hard to understand
This is a pity, because their good ideas may go unappreciated

14. The introduction Background and Motivation Research objective
Context / background for the research
Problem statement
Why is it interesting?
Research objective
Contribution to the topic 
What is new? (novelty)
Why is it useful?

15. Common problems with introductions
Too much detail – introductions should never be longer than 1/10 of the research work
Poor organization
Unclear problem definition

16. Difference between abstract and introduction
Summarize paper
Abstracts should be short – should only contain summary information
INTRODUCTION
Present context or background for paper
Introductions are longer – often contain guides to reading paper

17. Related work
Discusses the results and conclusions of previously published studies, to help explain why the study is of interest
To set the context for your research
To evaluate prior work that has been done in your paper’s research area
To show relationship between existing work and your work

18. Main Body - Presenting the idea
Figure out what your idea is
Explain it as if you were speaking to someone using a whiteboard
Once your reader has the intuition, he can follow the details (but not vice versa)
Even if he skips the details, he still takes away something valuable
Make certain that the reader is in no doubt what the idea is. Be 100% explicit:
“The main idea of this paper is....”

19. Example Sounds impressive...but Sends readers to sleep
3. The idea
Consider a bifircuated semi-lattice D, over a hyper-modulated signature S. Suppose pi is an element of D. Then we know for every such pi there is an epi-modulus j, such that pj < pi.
Sounds impressive...but
Sends readers to sleep
In a paper, you MUST provide the details, but FIRST convey the idea

20. Methods for explaining unfamiliar concepts
Explain important concepts
Ask if your readers will know a word or a concept?
If not, explain the concept before using
Examples
Visual Aids
Never underestimate the advantages of a good visual aid

21. EXAMPLES Use examples Introduce the problem, and your idea, using
and only then present the general case

22. Methods
Provide the reader enough details so they can understand and replicate your research
Explain how you studied the problem, identify the procedures you followed
Explain new methodology in detail; otherwise name the method and cite the previously published work

23. Results
Do not present the raw data that you collected, but rather summarize the data with text, tables and/or figures.
Do not include the same data in both a table and a figure
You must refer in the text to each figure or table
Be precise in describing measurements
Include errors of measurement or research design limits
Include the frequency of observations, what types of data were recorded, etc.

24. Discussion Describe what your results mean
Explain why they differ from what other workers have found. 
Indicate how the results relate to expectations
Explain how the research has moved the body of scientific knowledge forward

25. Conclusions and further work
Be brief
Do not extend your conclusions beyond what is directly supported by your results - avoid undue speculation
Outline the next steps for further study

26. References
Whenever you draw upon previously published work, you must acknowledge the source
Any information not from your experiment and not ‘common knowledge’ should be recognized by a citation
How references are presented varies considerably - refer to notes for authors for the specific journal
Avoid references that are difficult to find
Avoid listing related references that were not important to the study

27. Example – IEEE Trans.
P. Bellavista, G. Cardone, A. Corradi and L. Foschini, "Convergence of MANET and WSN in IoT urban scenarios", IEEE Sens. J., vol. 13, no. 10, pp , Oct. 2013, IEEE.
A. Laya, V. I. Bratu and J. Markendahl, "Who is investing in machine-to-machine communications?", Proc. 24th Eur. Reg. ITS Conf., pp
R. T Fielding, Architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures, pp , Univ. California.
Z. Shelby, K. Hartke, C. Bormann and B. Frank, "Constrained application protocol (CoAP)", draft-ietf-core-coap-18 (work in progress), [online] Available:
"IEEE Standard b", IEEE WPAN Task Group 4e (TG4e), 2014.
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28. Example
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