1. Events and Ideas 5 Cuban Missile Crisis
World History
Unit 8
Cuban Missile Crisis, see pages c579, , c644,
Timeline of Events.
1959 – Fidel Castro seizes power in Cuba.
1961 – Bay of Pigs invasion fails.
1961 – Berlin Wall built in 1961.
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis.

2. Essential Question

3. Fulgencio Batista, President of Cuba, 1952
Cuban Revolution
Fulgencio Batista ruled Cuba from 1934 to 1959.
Cubans were poor, working on large plantations for foreign companies.
An opposition movement starts in Cuba in the 1950s.
Fulgencio Batista ruled Cuba from 1934 to 1959.
Cubans were poor working on large plantations for foreign companies.
An opposition movement starts in Cuba in the 1950s.
i. Castro’s army used guerrilla warfare against Batista’s regime.
ii. As the rebels gained public support, Batista’s regime collapsed.
Fulgencio Batista, President of Cuba, 1952

4. Cuban Revolution
Jan. 3, 1959: Castro and his revolutionaries seize Havana
Castro takes money and supplies from Soviet Union.
Castro nationalized property of companies belonging to the United States
Oct. 1960: US institutes a trade embargo against Cuba.
Jan. 3, 1959: Castro and his revolutionaries seize Havana!
Castro takes money and supplies from Soviet Union.
i. Relations between the U.S. and Cuba fell apart.
ii. Military arms from Eastern Europe started to arrive in Cuba.
Oct. 1960: US institutes a trade embargo against Cuba.
i. Supplies must come from Soviet areas as most countries refuse to trade with Cubans for fear over angering the USA.

5. Cuba and the Soviets
Jan. 3, 1961: US broke off diplomatic negotiations with Cuba.
April 1961: Soviets make commitment to Cuba
Dec. 1961: Castro declares himself a Marxist.
Jan. 3, 1961: U.S. broke off diplomatic negotiations with Cuba.
April, 1961: JFK supported exiles attempt to take over Cuba.
i. Bay of Pigs Invasion failed.
ii. Soviets made a greater commitment to Cuba.
Dec. 1961: Castro declares himself a Marxist.
i. Soviets started to place missiles in early 1962.
ii. Cuban Missile Crisis proved to Castro that the Soviet Union had been unreliable.
iii. Cuba needed support from other countries in Latin America, more countries had to go Communist.
iv. Castro exported his version of Communism to Latin America to help grow the base of Communism in Latin America.

6. Bay of Pigs
April, 1961: JFK supported exiles attempt to take over Cuba at the Bay of Pigs.
The invasion fails
Jan. 3, 1961: U.S. broke off diplomatic negotiations with Cuba.
April, 1961: JFK supported exiles attempt to take over Cuba.
i. Bay of Pigs Invasion failed.
ii. Soviets made a greater commitment to Cuba.
Dec. 1961: Castro declares himself a Marxist.
i. Soviets started to place missiles in early 1962.
ii. Cuban Missile Crisis proved to Castro that the Soviet Union had been unreliable.
iii. Cuba needed support from other countries in Latin America, more countries had to go Communist.
iv. Castro exported his version of Communism to Latin America to help grow the base of Communism in Latin America.

7. Cuba’s Fidel Castro and the Soviet Union’s Nikita Krushchev
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev placed missiles in Cuba in 1962.
Cuba’s Fidel Castro and the Soviet Union’s Nikita Krushchev
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev placed missiles in Cuba in 1962.
Missiles that close will cut down the flight time of a nuclear attack.
Chance US would not be able to launch a retaliatory 2nd strike back at USSR.

8. U2 Spy Plane picture of Cuban missiles and equipment in Cuba
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev placed missiles in Cuba in 1962.
Missiles that close will cut down the flight time of a nuclear attack.
Chance US would not be able to launch a retaliatory 2nd strike back at USSR.

9. Threat to the United States
Missiles that close will cut down the flight time of a nuclear attack.
Chance US would not be able to launch a retaliatory 2nd strike back at USSR.
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev placed missiles in Cuba in 1962.
Missiles that close will cut down the flight time of a nuclear attack.
Chance US would not be able to launch a retaliatory 2nd strike back at USSR.

10. US Navy blockades Cuba to keep Soviet freighters carrying Missiles away
Additional Soviet ships moved towards Cuba.
Soviets and US negotiated while the world waited for a nuclear war. .

11. US Navy destroyer intercepts Russian cargo ship transporting missiles to Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
US Navy blockades Cuba.
Additional Soviet ships moved towards Cuba.
Soviets and US negotiated while the world waited for a nuclear war.
US Navy blockades Cuba.
Additional Soviet ships moved towards Cuba.
Soviets and US negotiated while the world waited for a nuclear war.

12. The Closed the U.S. has come to Nuclear War
Soviets and US negotiated while the world waited for a nuclear war.

13. Agreement US agrees never to invade Cuba.
Soviets agree to remove missiles from Cuba.
US secretly agrees to remove missiles from Turkey – which they do 6 months later.
US agrees never to invade Cuba.
Soviets agree to remove missiles.
US agrees to remove missiles from Turkey – later.
A silo-launched Jupiter IRBM of the USAF.

14. Aftermath
1963: “hotline” installed between Soviet Premier and US President.
Two world leaders can talk whenever they want to avoid problems.
Cuban missile crisis is the closest the world ever came to nuclear war.
1963: “hotline” installed between Soviet Premier and US President.
Two world leaders can talk whenever they want to avoid problems.
Cuban missile crisis is the closet the world ever came to nuclear war.
“The Danger-Filled Week of Decision: Cuba” Cover of LIFE Magazine

15. Secret Revealed
1992: Soviet Military Officers revealed that they did have nuclear rockets and artillery shells on Cuba.
Any US invasion would have been met with battlefield tactical nukes
1992: Soviet Military Officers reveal a secret.
Soviets had nuclear rockets and artillery shells.
Any US invasion would have meet with battlefield tactical nukes!
101st Airborne, 82nd Airborne, and US Marines were all part of the planned invasion of Cuba. Military History Quarterly, Winter 1992

16. Essential Question