1. Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises, Lecture II
Ramón Saldívar
Stanford University

2. Irony as a principle of structure in SAR
Modernity and Irony
Irony defined
Saying one thing while meaning another
The warping of a statement by the pressure of context
The Iceberg Principle
“Nobody ever knows anything” SAR, 35
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

3. Irony as a strategy of containment in SAR
“certain injuries or imperfections are a subject of merriment while remaining quite serious for the person possessing them,” SAR 35
The Simplicity of language
The Simplicity of meaning
The Irony of the Not Said
The (Political) Unconscious
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

4. Lady Brett Ashley and Hemingway’s Hairy Chest
Hemingway’s stereotypical machismo
“Nobody could be that masculine.” --Zelda Fitzgerald
"Come out from behind that false hair on your chest, Ernest. We all know you." -- Max Eastman
“Maybe we were androgynous.” Mary Hemingway
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

5. Hemingway SAR Lecture II
Max Eastman
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

6. Brett Ashley and the Male Critics
Allen Tate, “hard-boiled”
Theodore Bardake, “a woman devoid of womanhood”
Jackson Benson, “a female who never becomes a woman”
Edmond Wilson, “an exclusively destructive force”
And John Aldridge, “a compulsive bitch”
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

7. Hemingway SAR Lecture II
Brett’s Gender Roles
On one hand, she is a femme fatale – dangerous to men
On the other, she frequently lapses into the role of redemptive woman, trying to save men through her sexuality
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

8. Hemingway SAR Lecture II
Sexual Politics in SAR
Masculine eroticism confines women
Loss of masculine power and authority
Leads to loss of the right to exercise control
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

9. Money, Morality, Sexuality
Jake’s market theory of emotions:
“Women made such swell friends,” SAR, 152
“Enjoying living was learning to get your money’s worth,” SAR, 152
“The world was a good place to buy in,” SAR, 152
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II

10. Love, Sex and Bullfighting
Jake’s and Brett’s gender role reversal
“the holding of his purity of line through the maximum of exposure” SAR, p. 172
11/13/2018
Hemingway SAR Lecture II