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Rocks and The Rock Cycle
SC.7.E.6.2 – Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events and sub-surface events.
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What is a rock? Naturally occurring solid mixture composed of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter, or glass.
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Liquid Rock?! Rock deep below the surface melts due to intense heat
Magma – melted rock material below the surface Lava – melted rock material above the surface
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Igneous Rocks Most abundant on Earth
Formed when magma/lava cools and crystallizes Larger grains indicate cooling below the surface (intrusive) Smaller grains indicate cooling above the surface (extrusive) Faster cooling = fewer grains (obsidian)
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Sediment Sediment is fragments of rock eroded away from exposed rock surfaces due to weathering processes from wind, water, or ice Deposition is when sediment is laid down in a new location.
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Sedimentary Rock Layers of sediment build up on top of one another over time, compacting the lower layers Dissolved minerals cement the grains together These processes are called Lithification.
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Metamorphic Rock Form deep within the Earth due to intense heat and pressure (not melted) Formed from other types of rocks “metamorphosis” – change in appearance or condition Exposed to surface due to uplift
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The Rock Cycle
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The Rock Cycle
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The Rock Cycle
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