1. Rock Cycle

4. 3 Major Rock Groups Igneous – formed by cooling magma and lava
Sedimentary – formed from rock fragments
Metamorphic – change or alter of rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical fluids

6. Igneous Forms from magma mixture of molten rock/gas
Intrusive – underground → slow cooling, large crystals
Extrusive – above ground → fast cooling, small crystals

7. Igneous 3 types Felsic Mafic Intermediate Thin/quick moving lava Light
Thick/slow moving lava
Dark
Intermediate

8. Igneous Crystal size Phaneritic - large Grain Aphanitic – fine grain
Intrusive
Slow cooling
Aphanitic – fine grain
Extrusive
Fast cooling
None
Extremely fast cooling

10. Sedimentary Forms over time sediment squeezed and cemented together
small, solid pieces of material

11. Sedimentary 3 types Clastic Chemical Organic
Broken fragments of other rock
ex. Shale, conglomerate
Chemical
Minerals precipitate out of solution
Ex. Rock salt, limestone
Organic
Living organisms form rock
Ex. Coal

13. Metamorphic Formed from… Changed by Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
Heat
Pressure
Chemical reaction

14. Metamorphic 2 types of Metamorphism Regional Local
Mountain building movement
High Heat and Pressure
Local
Contact
Formed from heat found at hot spots
Deformational
Fault shifts
Low heat/high pressure
Ex. San Andres Fault

15. Classification of Metamorphic Rocks
Foliated – layered rocks
Slate, Gneiss
Non Foliated – not layered
Marble

16. Rock Cycle Process of the Cycle Compaction Weathering Cementation
Breakup of rock
Erosion
Removal/transport of broken down materials
Melting
Cooling
Compaction
Cementation
Binding fragments together w/minerals
Heat
Pressure