1. Technologies and type examination
Requirements for Switzerland
Walter Fasel

2. Technologies for speed measurement Regulation about type examination
Agenda
Technologies for speed measurement
Regulation about type examination
METAS

3. Technologies for speed measurement

4. Measuring system “RADAR”
Measure the speed by detecting a change in frequency of the returned radar signal caused by the Doppler effect.

5. Measuring system “LIDAR” (Laser)
Measure the speed on the principle of time-of-flight of a number of send out laser pulses over the span of time.

6. Measuring system “Laser Scanner”
The measurement is based on the laser principle. The contours of the vehicles, its movement and the speed are calculated from the sequences of pulses received de lumière sur 180°

7. Measuring system “piezo”
Measure the speed on the piezoelectric effect when a vehicle is crossing 3 or more sensors installed on the road.

8. Measuring system “inductive loops”
Measure the speed by detecting a change in frequency when a vehicle is crossing the loops. The inductive loop functions as a part of an resonant circuit.

9. Measuring system “light barrier”
Measure the speed by detecting a change in light when a vehicle is passing in front of the speed system.

10. Measuring system “laser barrier”
The measurement is based on the space / time principle. Two laser beams placed at right angles the traffic direction are being interrupted by vehicles passing.

11. Measuring system “Section Control» (Speed Camera)
The speed value can be calculated by dividing the distance between the two ports and the time taken to travel between of these [average speed].

12. Measuring system “Tracking Tachograph”
The speed of a monitored vehicle is not directly determined. The tracking tachograph records the police vehicle’s own speed. After tracking a vehicle over a specified distance, the average speed can be attributed to the vehicle committing the violation.

13. Regulation about type examination
METAS

14. Regulation about type examination
OIML Recommendations R91, D11, D31
European law / EU Directives (WELMEC)
Swiss law / Ordinances
Technical directives for the practical application by the police
METAS

15. Recommendation OIML R91 Important limits: radar antenna
Radar equipment for the measurement of the speed of vehicles
Important limits: radar antenna
Attenuation of the side loops > 15 dB
Main loop width of less than 12°
Micro-wave frequency stability better than 0.2 %
Aiming device: Relative error of measurement to misalignment not greater than +/- 0.5 %
METAS

16. Recommendation OIML R91 Important limits: speed measurement value
Radar equipment for the measurement of the speed of vehicles
Important limits: speed measurement value
Confidence level better than 99.8 %
Single value error < + 3km/h (or + 3 % at speeds above 100 km/h)
Average error of all results shall be within +/- 1 km/h
METAS

17. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements?
Which composition of traffic (motorcycle, car ,trucks ?
Measurement direction / incoming or outgoing or both ?
Range of measurement ?
Traffic condition with accelerating and breaking vehicles ?
METAS

18. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements? METAS

19. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements? METAS

20. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements? METAS

21. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements? METAS

22. Recommendation OIML R91 How to check this requirements? METAS

23. Recommendation OIML D11 Climatic checks (Temperature, humidity?
Dry Heat (static)
Cold (static)
Damp heat, steady state (non condensing)
Damp cyclic (condensing)
Impacting water (splashing test) ??
METAS

24. Recommendation OIML D11 Climatic checks (Temperature, humidity? METAS

25. Recommendation OIML D11 Performance test?
Vibration (random and sinusoidal)
Mechanical shock
Mechanical construction
METAS

26. Software Guide (WELMEC 7.2)
Measuring Instruments Directive
Basic requirements for embedded Software in a build- for purpose measuring instrument.
Basic requirements for Software of measuring instruments using a universal computer.
Storage of measurement data
Transmission of measurement data via a communication network
Software identification
METAS

27. Swiss / Directive for Wireless access
Directive for wireless access on measurement systems based on the IEEE 802.1x standard
SecurID token
METAS

28. Laser security (IEC 60825-x)
Safety of Laser Products
Only Laser class 1 or 2 should be used for surveillance measurement!
Parameters of typical Laser speed instruments:
Single pulse energy: to 900 nJ Pulse width: 5 to 50 ns Pulse repetition frequency: 100 Hz – 25 kHz
METAS

29. EMC Tests OIML D11 + additional conditions
Overview immunity requirements for Traffic
METAS

30. EMC Tests OIML D11 + additional conditions
Additional for Switzerland for RF-Fields test
METAS

31. Swiss / Second independent method
Directive of the use of enforcement systems
A) - Measuring system with additional pictorial documentation (e.g. photo, video, etc.) Maximum allowed difference in measuring result < 10 km/h or 10 % For the enforcement the value obtained from the measurement system is relevant! or
B) - Two independent measuring systems (which may be equal) Maximum allowed difference in measuring result < 1 % For the enforcement only the smaller value is relevant!
METAS

32. Swiss / Second independent method
Why?
METAS

33. Thank you very much