1. Revolutions Bellwork
What group made up the revolutionaries at the start of the Mexican Revolution?
Peasants, non-elites
Fighting and invasions in Europe lead by _______________ impacted all Latin American Revolutions.
Napoleon

2. Objective
WWBAT: Discuss the effects independence in the Americas and the abolition of slavery

3. Interactive Notebook Setup
4/4/2016
Effects of Independence in the Americas
This will be one page

4. Problems After Independence Post-Independence Mexico
Abolition of Slavery
Problems After Independence
Post-Independence Mexico

5. Problems After Independence
Latin America had little experience with self-government prior to independence
Creoles dominate politics
Only 5% of male population participated in politics
Catholic Church remains strong
Poor treatment of natives continues

6. Problems After Independence
Few changes for women in Latin America
Remained under the control of their fathers and husbands
Lower class had more economic freedoms
Gained more access to education
Racial castes were formally abolished, but tensions still very much remained
Caudillos, or military leaders take over in many places
Juan Manuel de Rosas (Argentina)
“Machiavelli of the pampas”
Kills over 22,000 people

7. Post-Indepence Mexico
’s marked by political instability
Went from monarchy to republic to caudillo rule
Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana (left) dominates politics prior to 1850
Church remains influential
Owns almost 50% of all productive land in Mexico
Nationalism grows after Mexican-American War

8. Post-Independence Mexico
Liberal mestizo named Benito Juarez lead from
First Mexican ruler without a military background
Institutes La Reforma
Focus on land redistribution to improve the condition of natives
Confiscates church lands
Speculators and large landowners buy land instead of natives
Most of Mexico’s peasants were landless by 1900
Creates a backlash from Mexican conservatives

9. Post-Independence Mexico
Porfirio Diaz was a conservative leader that Industrialized Mexico from
Built railroads
Improved banking system
Focused on oil & mining
Economic growth primary benefited foreign investors and small number of wealthy elites
Oppressed political opposition

10. Abolition of Slavery
1780 – 1890 slavery lost its legitimacy and was largely ended
Multiple strands of anti-slavery thinking:
Secular = slavery is a violation of natural rights and Enlightenment values
Religious = slavery is amoral; a “crime in the sight of God”
Economic = slavery is not necessary for economic progress; countries can be successful with paid labor
Political = slavery is unwise because obviously slaves aren’t content and could rise up and revolt

11. Public Meeting Featuring an Abolitionist Speaker
Abolition of Slavery
Most powerful abolitionist movements in Britain
Growing pressure on governments leads to action
Techniques included:
Pamphlets  featuring descriptions of slavery
Petitions to Parliament
Lawsuits
Boycotts of slave-produced sugar
Public meetings  most of which featured testimony of former slaves
Public Meeting Featuring an Abolitionist Speaker

12. Abolition of Slavery
1807 = Britain ended the sale of slaves within its empire
1834 Britain freed all remaining slaves
British naval vessels patrolled the Atlantic, intercepted illegal slave ships, and freed the people on board
Other countries followed suit over the next half century

13. Abolition of Slavery Abolition was not easy
Plantation owners fiercely resisted the efforts of abolitionists
Both European and African slave traders resisted abolitionist
Most intense resistance to abolition and persistence of slavery in the southern United States
Took a WAR to end slavery!

14. Abolition of Slavery
Economic and political lives of former slaves did not improve dramatically at all
Often could not find work or found work, but were paid VERY little
No political equality  in many places, former slaves couldn’t vote and had to live with harsh segregation laws
Former slaves had to deal with persistent racism, discrimination, and violence

15. Louisiana Black Codes
No public meetings or congregations of negroes shall be allowed within said parish after sunset; but such public meetings and congregations may be held between the hours of sunrise and sunset, by the special permission in writing of the captain of patrol

16. Louisiana Black Codes
Every negro is required to be in the regular service of some white person, or former owner, who shall be held responsible for the conduct of said negro
No negro who is not in the military service shall be allowed to carry fire-arms, or any kind of weapons, within the parish, without the special written permission of his employers, approved and indorsed by the nearest and most convenient chief of patrol