1. RNA and Protein Synthesis

2. Structure of RNA

3. Three Types of RNA

4. Transcription
Process of copying part of DNA sequence into complementary RNA
RNA polymerase
Promoters – start signals
Takes place in the nucleus

5. RNA editing
Introns – sequence of DNA not involved in coding for proteins (cut out of RNA in nucleus)
Exons – sequences of DNA that are involved in coding for proteins (“expressed”)

6. Proteins Long chain of amino acids (polypeptide)
mRNA instructions called the genetic code
Codon = 3-letter “word” in mRNA
The 3-letter word codes for a certain amino acid (see table, book pg. 303)

7. Decoding the message on the mRNA happens during translation
Sequence of bases in mRNA gives instructions for order of joining amino acids
Decoding the message on the mRNA happens during translation
On the ribosomes

8. Translation (cont.)
tRNA brings the complementary anticodon and amino acid
Ribosome forms the peptide bond
Polypeptide grows until stop codon
Proteins are the tools that build or operate a component of a living cell