1. Characteristics of Living Things

2. What is Life Science? scientific study of living things
anatomy - study of the parts of the body
physiology - study of how the whole body functions
botany - study of plants
zoology - study of animals
ecology - study of the way living things interact with their environment

3. Importance of Life Sciences
Medicine
Diseases & Prevention
Surgery
Food

5. Organisms
Living Things!!!!!

6. 6 Characteristics of Life
All organisms are made up of one or more cells
cell - basic unit of structure and function in living things
“building blocks of life”

7. 6 Characteristics of Life
Organisms use energy!
Ability to do work or cause change
Sunlight is the source of energy for most organisms
photosynthesis

8. 6 Characteristics of Life
All organisms have features that help them adapt to their surroundings
camouflage
hair

9. 6 Characteristics of Life
Organisms react to changes in their surroundings
response - reaction to a change
exp. eyes adjusting to the dark
exp. shivering when the body is cold

10. 6 Characteristics of Life
Organisms change, or develop, during their lifetimes
growing or change appearance

11. 6 Characteristics of Life
Organisms can produce more organisms of their own kind

12. All living things are made of…. Matter!
Matter - any substance that has mass and takes up space
Atom - smallest part of an element
Most living things are made of:
Carbon - 18%
Hydrogen - 10%
Oxygen %
Nitrogen - 3%

13. Compounds
When two or more atoms from different elements join → compound!
Organic compounds - contain carbon
Carbohydrates - sugars & starches
Lipids - fats
Proteins - help in repair
Nucleic Acids - DNA

14. What are the needs of organisms?
Water
Energy
Autotroph - make their own food
Heterotroph - cannot make their own food
Temperature
Homeostasis - internal balance
Air
Living Space

15. How do Organisms use energy?
Life Processes - things an organism must do to stay alive
Ingestion & Digestion
nutrients - chemical substances that are needed for growth and energy
Cellular Respiration - getting energy from food
sugar molecules are broken down to release energy

16. How do organisms respond to change?
Stimulus - a change that causes a response
exp. Plants grow towards light

17. Behavior the way an organism responds to a stimulus
exp. screaming when your sibling punches you
Some are instincts and some are learned
Learned behavior - tying your shoe
Instinct - nest building in some plants

18. Where do Organisms come from?
Spontaneous Generation - the idea that living things come from nonliving things
People used to believe:
maggots and flies grew from rotting meat
mice came from straw

20. Pasteur’s experiment to disprove Spontaneous Generation

21. How do Organisms reproduce?