1. Chapter 10 Lesson 1 Ecosystems
Ms. Amanda and Ms. Diana

2. What is an Ecosystem?
Ecosystem – all the living and non-living things in a given area.
Types of Ecosystems on Earth:
Forests
Deserts
Grasslands
Rivers
Beaches
Coral reefs
Biomes – ecosystems that
share similar climates and
similar types.

3. Abiotic Factors Abiotic Factors – the nonliving parts of an ecosystem.
Abiotic factors include:
Sunlight
Temperature
Air
Water
Soil
Abiotic factors provide many resources organisms need to survive and reproduce.

4. Abiotic Factors
Sunlight is important for almost all life on Earth. It gives energy for photosynthesis and it provides sunlight for warmth.
The gases in the Earth’s atmosphere (nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) also help organisms survive and grow.

5. Abiotic Factors
Water is a very important abiotic factor. Without water, life would not be possible.
Water is needed for all the life processes that take place inside cells.
Soil is important for both
living and nonliving things.
Inside soil, you will find
living and nonliving
organisms.

6. Biotic Factors
Biotic factors – living or once-living things found in an ecosystem.
Biotic factors include:
Bacteria
Animals (dead or alive)
Plants (all types)
Fungi
Different species adapt to an ecosystem depending on the abiotic and biotic factors that are present.

7. Habitats
Habitat – the place within an ecosystem that provides food, water, shelter, and other biotic and abiotic factors an organism needs to survive and reproduce.
Organisms have different types of habitats.
Ex.
Crickets live in dark places with lots of plants.
Skunks live in areas where they can find food like mice.
Birds can live in trees or near tall buildings.
Plants can be in the desert or forests.
When biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem change, then habitats can change too.

8. Populations
Population – all the organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time.
Example: All the ants in one garden are one population. All the flowers in a garden are one population.
Community – all the populations living in the same area at the same time.

9. Population Density
Population Density – the size of a population compared to the amount of space available.
Population density formula:
When population density is high, organisms live close together and might not have all the resources needed to survive. Diseases spread faster when organisms live closer together.

10. Population Change Most populations change over time.
Production of offspring increases the size of a population.
The death of individuals reduces population size.
Changes in the abiotic and biotic factors can cause organisms to move away or die out.

11. Questions