1. AP World History Chapter 17
Africa in the Early Colonial Period

3. Songhai

4. Political Portuguese dominated first, till about 1630.
Dutch take El Mina in 1630, taking over the Indian Sea trade network from the Portuguese.
English take over the slave trade in 1660’s.
French take over slave trade in 18th century.
Songhay breaks up in 1500’s.
Capetown, Dutch colony in 1652
Capetown, occupied by Britain in 1795
Zulu rise in South Africa native group who resists Westernization.

5. Economic
Portuguese, want Entrepots for interior trade especially gold in West Africa.
Height of the slave trade was in the 18th century.
Dahomey, was a English Royal monopoly over the flow of slaves.
Value of slaves tied up with plantation and mining economy.
Africa definitely tied to global economy.

6. Dutch East Indies Ruins, Fort Nassau on Banda Naira

7. Religion
Portuguese, brought missionaries to West Africa to convert natives to Christianity.
New Islamization of Northern Savanna.
Slave religion in the America’s, Haitian Vodun.

8. Social
Slaves taken from West Africa, about 12 million taken and about 10 million survive.
Mostly young men creating a social disconnect for the Africans who had become slaves.
3 million African Slaves taken by Muslims in East Africa.
Divine Right Kingship for Natives.
Enlightenment influence ends slavery.

9. Intellectual
Artistic achievements in Benin and Yoruba

10. Area
West Africa is exploited for gold, missionary activities, and slaves.
Few European settlers.
Slaves taken from Muslim areas Trans-Saharan, Red Sea, and East Africa.
The Saharan slave trade was mostly women.