1. Causes of WWI “The War to End All Wars”
All Quiet On the Western Front:

2. Militarism Militarism What is militarism:
 belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
What is militarism:
Militarism

3. Nationalism Nationalism
a feeling that people have of being loyal to and proud of their country often with the belief that it is better and more important than other countries
What is Nationalism
“Improving Morale” by Brigadier General E.L. Spears
What is the purpose of discipline?
Why was the victim in the story willing to die?
Nationalism

4. Militarism or Nationalism? Why?

5. Alliances
1879 The Dual Alliance Germany and Austria-Hungary made an alliance to protect themselves from Russia
1881 Austro-Serbian Alliance Austria-Hungary made an alliance with Serbia to stop Russia gaining control of Serbia
1882 The Triple Alliance  Germany and Austria- Hungary made an alliance with Italy to stop Italy from taking sides with Russia
1914 Triple Entente (no separate peace) Britain, Russia and France agreed not to sign for peaceseparately.
1894 Franco-Russian Alliance  Russia formed an alliance with France to protect herself against Germany and Austria-Hungary
1907 Triple Entente  This was made between Russia, France and Britain to counter the increasing threat from Germany.
1907 Anglo-Russian Entente This was an agreement between Britain and Russia
1904 Entente Cordiale This was an agreement, but not a formal alliance, between France and Britain.

7. Imperialism By 1900 the British Empire extended over five continents
France had control of large areas of Africa.
Industrialism caused countries to need new markets
When a country controlled a market they would control who could trade there and how much goods cost
All of this increased tensions

8. Colonial Rivalries: Africa in 1914

9. Colonial Rivalries: Asia in 1914

10. The British Empire in 1914
The British Empire covered 20% of the globe and included almost 25% of the world’s population.

11. 1870 Ambitions in the Balkans
Controlled by the Muslim Ottoman Empire
1870 Greece and Rumania (Romania) were able to rebel
1875 Serbia, Bosnia, and Bulgaria also wanted freedom
Russia supported this
For support of the good of other Slavic peoples. To free them from oppressive and corrupt leaders
AND
For their own ambitions to gain a warm water port on the Mediterranean
Austria-Hungary Empire distrusted Russia and wanted their own influence over the region
Britain and France wanted the Ottoman Sultan to offer religious tolerance and stop the abuses in the region. They also didn’t want either Russia or AHE gaining more land and power.
1870 Ambitions in the Balkans

12. The Balkans in 1878

13. Treaty of Berlin 1878 and After Video
Serbia would become independent
Bulgaria – state under Ottoman Empire
Bosnia- state under Austria-Hungary
Rumania- part of their lands would go to Russia
Tensions Created
Balkan people did not get anything, they were again divided amongst bigger nations
1908 Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia angering Serbia who supported independence
Russia supported Serbia
Treaty of Berlin 1878 and After Video

14. The Balkan Wars:

15. Liberalism in the 19th Century
Liberalism: National self-betterment; the perfectibility of Man; natural rules of conduct that all men can understand and follow
Justified:
Imperial Conquest
“Civilization” of native populations
War as a legitimate form of foreign policy
Why would liberalism justify the above items?
Liberalism in the 19th Century

16. War in the 19th Century Localized Spanned mere weeks
Fought to preserve the balance of power in the region (status quo)
If this were true of war, war would serve both national and international good when fought properly (with ideas based in liberalism)
War in the 19th Century

17. Europe in 1914

18. However, as we have already argued, the balance of power of 1914 differed greatly from the balance of power of The balance that immediately preceded World War I was a balance of two armed camps--Great Britain, France, and Russia on one side and Germany, Austria-Hungary, and (nominally) Italy on the other side. These permanent partnerships locked policymakers into "blank- checks" of support for their allies in the name of preserving the precarious balance of power. This, in turn, permitted weak nations to act irresponsibly, with the certainty that they would be defended by their more powerful partners. This moral hazard problem explains the Balkan crises of Combine the belligerent and arrogance of the smaller states with a philosophy of conduct that accepted war and the periphery could easily drag the center into war.

19. Video Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Video

20. FRQ Essay Outline Thesis Topic Sentence 1 Fact Topic Sentence 2