1. Jacob Riis'
How the Other
Half Lives (1890)

2. Mulberry Street Bend, 1889

3. 5-Cent Lodgings

4. Men’s Lodgings

5. Women’s Lodgings

6. Immigrant Family Lodgings

7. Dumbbell Tenement Plan
Tenement House Act of 1879, NYC

8. Blind Beggar, 1888

9. Italian Rag-Picker

10. 1890s ”Morgue” – Basement Saloon

11. ”Black & Tan” Saloon

12. ”Bandits’ Roost”

13. Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”

14. The Street Was Their Playground

15. Lower East Side Immigrant Family

16. A Struggling Immigrant Family

17. Another Struggling Immigrant Family

18. Life in a Big Urban City
in the Gilded Age

19. Shirtwaist Workers
Strike

20. “Shirtwaist”
The "shirtwaist" - a woman's blouse - was one of the country's first fashion statements that crossed class lines. The booming ready-made clothing industry made the stylish shirtwaist affordable for even working women. The shirtwaist, worn with an ankle-length skirt was appropriate for any occasion - from work to play - and was more comfortable and practical than fashion that preceded it, like corsets and hoops.

21. Rosa Schneiderman, Garment Worker

22. Child Labor

23. Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week Total employees, men and women 82,360
51 hours or less
4,554 5%
52-57 hours
65,033
79%
58-63 hours
12,211
15%
Over 63 hours
562 1%
Total employees, men and women 82,360

24. Womens’ Trade Union League

25. Women Voting for a Strike!

26. The Uprising of the Twenty Thousands
(Dedicated to the Waistmakers of 1909)
In the black of the winter of nineteen nine, When we froze and bled on the picket line, We showed the world that women could fight And we rose and won with women's might.
Chorus: Hail the waistmakers of nineteen nine, Making their stand on the picket line, Breaking the power of those who reign, Pointing the way, smashing the chain.
And we gave new courage to the men Who carried on in nineteen ten And shoulder to shoulder we'll win through, Led by the I.L.G.W.U.

27. Local 25 with Socialist Paper, The Call

28. Social and Political Activists
Carola Woerishoffer, Bryn Mawr Graduate
Clara Lemlich, Labor Organizer

29. Public Fear of Unions/Anarchists

30. Arresting the Girl Strikers for Picketing

31. Scabs Hired

32. The Triangle
Shirtwaist
Factory Fire,
March 25, 1911

33. “The Shirtwaist Kings” Max Blanck and Isaac Harris

34. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Asch Building, 8th and 10th Floors

36. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

37. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

38. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

39. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

40. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

41. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

42. Inside the Building After the Fire

43. Most Doors Were Locked

45. Crumpled Fire Escape, 26 Died

46. One of the Heroes

47. 10th Floor After the Fire

48. Dead Bodies on the Sidewalk

49. One of the “Lucky” Ones?

50. Rose Schneiderman The Last Survivor

51. Scene at the Morgue

52. Relatives Review Bodies 145 Dead

53. Page of the New York Journal

54. One of the Many Funerals

55. Protestors March to City Hall

56. Labor Unions March as Mourners

57. Women Workers March to City Hall

58. The Investigation

60. Francis Perkins Future Secetary Of Labor

61. Alfred E. Smith – Future NYC Mayor and Presidential Candidate

62. Future Senator Robert Wagner

63. Out of the Ashes ILGWU membership surged.
NYC created a Bureau of Fire Prevention.
New strict building codes were passed.
Tougher fire inspection of sweatshops.
Growing momentum of support for women’s suffrage.

64. The Foundations Were Laid for the New Deal Here in 1911
Al Smith ran unsuccessfully in 1928 on many of the reform programs that would be successful for another New Yorker 4 years later – FDR.
In the 1930s, the federal government created OSHA [the Occupational Safety & Health Administration].
The Wagner Act.
Francis Perkins  first female Cabinet member [Secretary of Labor] in FDR’s administration.

65. History of the Needlecraft Industry by Ernest Feeney, 1938

66. Bibliography
Davis, Hadley. “Reform and the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire.” Concord Review womenshistory.about.com/gi/dynamic/ offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. tcr.org%2Ftriangle.html
“Famous Trials: The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Trial ” triangle/trianglefire.html
“The Triangle Fire.”