1. Sensory and Motor Mechanisms
AP Biology
Crosby High School

2. Sensory Perception Sensory Reception Sensory Transduction
Exteroreceptors
Interoreceptors
Sensory Transduction
Receptor Potential
Amplification
Transmission
Integration
Sensory adaptation

3. Sensory Receptors Mechanoreceptors Pain receptors (nociceptors)
Touch
Hair cells
Pain receptors (nociceptors)
Thermoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Gustatory
Olfactory
Electromagnetic receptors

4. Vision Photoreceptors Planarians: eye cup Invertebrates Vertebrates
Compound eyes
Ommatidia
Single-lens eye
Vertebrates

5. Vertebrate Eye Sclera Choroid Conjunctiva Cornea Iris Pupil Retina
Lens and Ciliary Body
Rods and Cones

6. Hearing Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear
External Pinna and Auditory canal
Middle ear
3 ossicles
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Oval Window
Eustachian tubes
Inner ear
Cochlea
Upper Vestibular Canal
Lower Tympanic Canal
Organ of Corti
Auditory nerve
Equilibrium
Utricle
Saccule
Semicircular canals

7. Skeletal System Types Types of Joints Hydrostatic Exoskeleton
Endoskeleton
Types of Joints
Ball-and-socket
Hinge
Pivot

8. Structure of Muscles Myofilaments Sarcomere Actin: Thin filaments
Myosin: Thick filaments
Sarcomere
Z lines
I band
A band
H zone

9. Muscle Contractions Tropomyosin Troponin complex
Ca2+ rearranges Tropomyosin-Troponin complex
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

10. Types of Muscle Fast Muscle Slow Muscle Cariac Muscle Smooth Muscle
Myoglobin
Cariac Muscle
Located in the heart
Intercalated discs
Smooth Muscle
Non-striated
Mainly in hollow organs for peristalsis

11. Sliding Filament Model

12. Skeletal System

13. Vision

14. Hearing