1. REFLUX
Dan will show you how to set up a reaction under refluxing conditions.
Scroll down.

2. REFLUX STEP #1
Clamp a round bottom flask to a ring stand cm above bench height.
Don’t forget a boiling stone.

3. REFLUX STEP #2
Support a heating mantle of proper size on a ring, and fit the mantle to the flask.
Plug the mantle into a Variac with the switch in the off position, and plug the Variac into the wall outlet.

4. REFLUX STEP #3
Lightly grease the male ground glass joint of the condenser.

5. REFLUX STEP #4 Attach the condenser to the flask.
Attach thin-walled hoses to the condenser.

6. REFLUX STEP #5
First turn on the water faucet and adjust the flow to a gentle stream.
Then connect the bottom hose to the faucet. Be sure the drain hose is in the sink!
Now it is okay to turn on the Variac.

7. REFLUX APPARATUS water out mantle plugged into Variac
For take-down, see the next slide.
flask clamped at a height
water in

8. REFLUX TAKEDOWN
Remove the mantle but keep the water on and the condenser in place until the solution has cooled to lukewarm or room temperature.