1. ASSESSESMENT OF THE COST OF ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE ENERGY SECTORS IN NAMIBIA 2011

2. Namibia Population of some 2 million people
Land Area slightly more than 800,000 km²
Namibia has been hit by droughts
Human activities have led to degradation of natural resources
Majority of the population depends on natural resources
Completed the I&FF assessment, well placed to discuss the costs of climate change conducted as part of the global
The I&FF was a UNDP project, Capacity Development for Policy Makers
to Address Climate Change

3. I&FF in the Energy Sector in Namibia (2001)
Basic Questions:
What can Namibia do to address climate change in the Energy sector?
What level of financial contributions will be needed to achieve these objectives?”

4. I&FF Assessment Questions
What are the main adaptation/mitigation measures for the energy sector in the next 25 years? ( )
Who is investing in the sector/Who are the main stakeholders and sources?
What level of I&FF will be needed in the Energy sector to address CC?
What additional I&FF are needed to address climate change?

5. What are the main adaptation/mitigation measures for the energy sector in Namibia
Concentrated on two energy sub-sectors: Electricity generation and Transport
Under electricity, the focus was on solar, wind and energy efficiency as mitigation measures
Under transport, the focus was on liquid fuels, and especially on petrol-powered passenger vehicles.

6. Adopted mitigation measures
Replacement of diesel generators with solar technology
Replacement of coal power station with wind power
Increased solar power
Increased wind power
Energy efficiency measures
Increased use of LPG in transport

7. Estimation of the I&FF: Methodology
Use Baseline and Reference scenario
Period of 25 years: 2005 – 2030
Mapped out investors and stakeholders
Used 2005 constant prices
Worked out costs and benefits for each scenario
Computed the difference between the two for additional resources needed

8. Results
Overall, the incremental costs of the mitigation scenarios for the electricity generation and transport are estimated to be US$ 1.2 billion over the period of 25yrs
Costs per ton of CO2 eq. emissions reduced are estimated to be US$102 per ton

9. Remerging Policy Recommendations
Expanding the share of wind and solar power generation in the national energy mix
Improving energy efficiency would reduce the overall costs of energy consumption and therefore be a win-win solution.
No-regret options are available in the diesel and coal sectors as the implementation of measures would lead to net savings of I&FF.

10. Climate Change Budget Screening for the Tanzania’s Agriculture Sector (2013)

11. Context
Tanzania’s key economic drivers - agriculture, tourism and energy are highly climate-sensitive.
Over 90% of agriculture is rain-fed
About 90% of energy is sourced from biomass.
Agriculture contributes about 23.7% (2011) of GDP
Employs about 77% of the total workforce
85% of arable land used by small-holders

12. Objective of the Budget Screening in the Agricultural Sector
To bring out the extent to which budgetary allocations to the agriculture sector include financing of programs and activities that address climate change, and in particular build resilience to climate change vulnerability
Track all allocations –All by default or design

13. Methodology
Identification of agriculture-related projects versus nonagricultural projects
Identification of climate change related projects and assessment of climate change relevance
Classification by adaptation versus mitigation
Identification of MAFC projects versus those based in line ministries or other MDAs
Data Analysis for Climate Change Expenditure

14. Results
Composition of Climate Change-related Projects in Tanzania by Major Classification

15. Results
Development versus Climate Change Funds

16. Results
Composition of Climate Change Finance by Source of Funds

17. Results
Agriculture Sector Climate Change Expenditure as a Percentage of the Sector’s Budget

18. Results
MAFC Climate Change Expenditure as a Percentage of the Ministry’s Budget

19. Results
Financing by Major Classification of Climate Change Activities in the Agriculture Sector

20. Results
Financing by Major Classification of Climate Change Activities in MAFC

21. Results
Sources of Climate Change Finance in the Agriculture Sector

22. END
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