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PATT the MAIDS What is PATT the MAIDS
Steps to identify an author’s point of view and analyze the rhetoric and/or rhetorical strategies that he/she uses to persuade
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Purpose to inform, persuade, or entertain the reader of what?
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Audience To whom is the author writing? Where did the essay first appear? How does its intended audience help shape the essay and influence its language and style?
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Thesis What is the subject of the essay? What is the author’s opinion of the subject?
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Tone What is the author’s attitude toward the subject?
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Rhetorical Strategies
Modes of development(text structures) How the essay is organized
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Narration—giving an account of something through “I”
Sequence/process-information is listed step by step Classification—sorts ideas into smaller groups Description—describes a person, place, or thing based on its location or the way it is arranged and/or offers examples and clarification for a general statement
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Cause and effect—cause states why something happens/effect states a result or outcome
Compare/contrast—shows how two things are similar and/or different Definition—explains the meaning of specialized vocabulary
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Chronological—shows a chain of events/time order is important
Problem/solution—a problem and answer are suggested Exemplification—offers examples and clarification for a general statement
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Appeals Ethos: or ethical appeal—means to convince an audience of the author’s credibility or character Pathos: emotional appeal Logos: convince through logic or reason (facts, stats., etc.)
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Imagery includes all figurative language (simile, metaphor, allusion, analogy, alliteration, idiom, personification, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, hyperbole, etc.)
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Analogy Is comparable to a metaphor and simile in that it shows how two different things are similar, but it’s a bit more complex. It is more of a logical argument
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Idiom A phrase that expresses something other than its literal meaning
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Diction What word choice does the author use to reveal purpose and tone?
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Syntax How a writer structures sentences. Does the author use a variety of sentence structures? What effect does it have on meaning?
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