1. Road to the Revolution A review

2. Mercantilism
The belief that colonies exist to benefit the economy of the mother country.
The aim of British mercantilism in the colonies was for the colonies to provide raw goods to Britain only.

3. French and Indian War
The F&I War was very costly to Britain; as a result, the British Parliament decided to tax the colonists to pay for the war.

4. Ben Franklin created this early political cartoon in 1754 at the beginning of the French and Indian War to encourage colonial unity.

5. The Sugar Act
1764
Designed to raise revenue from the English colonies.
Tax on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies which impacted the manufacture of rum in New England

6. The Quartering Act
1765
Required colonies to house and feed British soldiers

7. The Stamp Act 1765 Imposed on all American colonists
Required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used.
Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed.
The money collected by the Stamp Act was to be used to help reduce England’s nation debt and pay the costs of defending and protecting the American frontier near the Appalachian Mountains (10,000 troops were to be stationed on the American frontier for this purpose).

8. Reactions to Acts Passed by Parliament by the Colonists
“No taxation without representation” became the slogan of the American colonists who protested the tax acts passed by the British Parliament because the colonists lacked representation in Parliament
In the America colonies, boycotts were an effective way of protesting British laws (taxes) mainly because boycotts reduced profits for British businessmen.
A Stamp Act Congress was put into effect marking an important step towards unity of the colonies.
An anti-Stamp Act “stamp” was created
Riots took place
Tarring and feathering of tax collectors
British policies were opposed by many colonists

9. The End of the Stamp Act
Parliament repealed the Stamp Act due to all of the colonial protests

10. Declaratory Act of 1766
After the repeal of the Stamp Act, the British Parliament passed the Declaratory Act of 1766
Stated that Parliament had the power to make laws binding on the colonies.

11. The Townshend Acts 1767
The Townshend Acts imposed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper and tea imported into the colonies.
The Townshend Acts also allowed for “writs of assistance” (search warrants) to be used if British soldiers thought colonists were involved in smuggling.

12. The Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre occurred on March 5, 1770.
A squad of British soldiers, come to support a sentry who was being pressed by a heckling, snowballing crowd, let loose a volley of shots.
Three persons were killed immediately and two died later of their wounds; among the victims was Crispus Attucks, a man of black or Indian parentage.
The British officer in charge, Capt. Thomas Preston, was arrested for manslaughter, along with eight of his men; all were later acquitted.
The Boston Massacre is remembered as a key event in helping to galvanize the colonial public to the Patriot cause.
Colonial leaders used the Boston Massacre killings as a way to convince colonists that Britain was dangerous.

13. Paul Revere
How does this engraving by Paul Revere go against the facts stated about the Massacre?
Why do you think he made the mob of citizens look so innocent?
He wanted to turn the public opinion against the British.

14. Tea Act - 1773 Eliminated the other taxes
British East India Company had exclusive control over the importation of tea which gave them a monopoly on the tea industry.
Tea tax was less than before

15. The Boston Tea Party December 16, 1773
Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Mohawk Indians and snuck onto three ships in the Boston Harbor throwing 342 chests of tea overboard
The British government considered the Boston Tea Party to be an act of political defiance and used it as an excuse to take away American liberties.

16. British Reactions to the Boston Tea Party
The Intolerable Act/Coercive Acts were passed
Allowing trials of accused colonial officials to be moved to England
Port of Boston was closed until the cost of the tea was repaid.
Town meetings were discontinued
The Quartering Act was reinstated

17. Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts – 1774 Reactions by Colonists
Because the American colonists were denied the right of self-government
They formed the First Continental Congress and demanded that the Intolerable Acts be reversed, a boycott of British goods continue, and that the king acknowledge the rights of the colonists

18. British Colonial Policies
The main goal of British colonial policies was to allow Great Britain to raise profits and control trade.

19. Colonial Advantages at the Beginning of the War
More motivated soldiers.
Knowledge of the terrain.
Soldiers better suited to be “minutemen.”

20. Lexington and Concord

21. Short Answer: Which do you believe was Britain’s WORST decision between 1754 and 1775? Define the act or event and explain why you believe it was Britain’s worst decision. Your answer must be in complete sentences. (5 pts.) (DOK 2)

22. From the British perspective, what makes the Townshend Acts better than the Stamp Act? (DOK

23. Cite evidence and develop a logical argument for the Boston Tea Party
. Cite evidence and develop a logical argument for the Boston Tea Party. (DOK 3

24. Identify and summarize Britain’s goal for the Intolerable Acts. (DOK 2)

26. From the colonist’s perspective, verify the unreasonableness of the Quartering Act. (DOK 3)