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Various Types of Solutions

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Presentation on theme: "Various Types of Solutions"— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Various Types of Solutions
Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

3 Solution Composition Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

4 Molarity Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

5 EXERCISE! You have 1.00 mol of sugar in mL of solution. Calculate the concentration in units of molarity. 1.00 mol / (125.0 / 1000) = 8.00 M Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

6 EXERCISE! You have a 10.0 M sugar solution. What volume of this solution do you need to have 2.00 mol of sugar? 2.00 mol / 10.0 M = L Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

7 EXERCISE! Consider separate solutions of NaOH and KCl made by dissolving g of each solute in mL of solution. Calculate the concentration of each solution in units of molarity. [100.0 g NaOH / g/mol] / [250.0 / 1000] = 10.0 M NaOH [100.0 g KCl / g/mol] / [250.0 / 1000] = 5.37 M KCl Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

8 Mass Percent Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

9 EXERCISE! What is the percent-by-mass concentration of glucose in a solution made my dissolving 5.5 g of glucose in 78.2 g of water? [5.5 g / (5.5 g g)] × 100 = 6.6% Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

10 Mole Fraction Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

11 EXERCISE! A solution of phosphoric acid was made by dissolving 8.00 g of H3PO4 in mL of water. Calculate the mole fraction of H3PO4. (Assume water has a density of 1.00 g/mL.) 8.00 g H3PO4 × (1 mol / g H3PO4) = mol H3PO4 100.0 mL H2O × (1.00 g H2O / mL) × (1 mol / g H2O) = 5.55 mol H2O Mole Fraction (H3PO4) = mol H3PO4 / [ mol H3PO mol H2O] = Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

12 Molality Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

13 EXERCISE! A solution of phosphoric acid was made by dissolving 8.00 g of H3PO4 in mL of water. Calculate the molality of the solution. (Assume water has a density of 1.00 g/mL.) 8.00 g H3PO4 × (1 mol / g H3PO4) = mol H3PO4 100.0 mL H2O × (1.00 g H2O / mL) × (1 kg / 1000 g) = kg H2O Molality = mol H3PO4 / kg H2O] = m Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

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