1. A Foundation for Tool Based Mobility Support for Visually Impaired Web Users
Yeliz Yesilada
Robert Stevens
Carole Goble
Information Management Group
WWW2003

2. Introduction
Problem: For visually impaired, mobility is reduced; the objects that support travel are inaccessible or missing altogether.
Solution: Analysis of travel support offered by Web pages and provide tool support for enhancing travel (mobility).
Message: Travel support could be improved if the objects that support travel are presented in a way that they can fulfill their intended roles and ease the travel.
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3. Travel and mobility Navigation Orientation - ‘Where can I go?’
- ‘Where am I?’
Travel
Navigation and orientation with purpose, within an environment.
Mobility
- Confident navigation and orientation with purpose, ease and accuracy within an environment.
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4. Problem statement with an example
UK homepage graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic * graphic HSBC logo
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5. Physical mobility -> Web mobility [Goble et al., 2000]
A model of Travel
Travel objects:
Landmarks and memory objects
Mobility techniques and actions:
Consulting and reviewing, landmark recognition and avoidance
Mobility instruments:
In-journey guidance, previewing, probing and feedback
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6. Travel objects Way Points Orientation Points Travel Assistants
Decision point
Location & Position
Way edge
Identification point
Reference point
Navigation point
Direction
Alert
Distance
Attention
Information point
Travel memory
Travel Assistants
Travel support
Travel aid
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7. Travel object inventory example
Reference point
Way Edge
Decision point
Information point
Identification point
Distance
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8. A mobility support tool
Extracting travel objects;
Discovering their roles;
Annotating extracted objects;
Transforming the page.
-- Framework (stage 1)
-- Framework (stage 2) 
Analysts 
User Agent
Web page 
Web page 1 2 4
DOM
Enhanced DOM
Auto.
Manual
Transformation 
Travel Analysis
Annotation DB
Provide Suggestions
Annotation 
Heuristics
(1) 3
Heuristics
(2)
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9.    Context of the tool WWW2003 Server
Provider generates a Web page on demand
Analyst
Provider creates or changes a Web page 
Automated mark up
Intermediate agent
Semi-automated mark up
VI-Enabled Web page
Web Page
Client
Automated mark up 
Browser
VI User 
VI-Enabled Web page
Semi-automated mark up
Analyst
VI- Visually Impaired
Optimal
Sub-optimal
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10. Work in progress-- annotation3 1 2
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11. Work in progress-- transformationID
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12. Summary
Travel and mobility on the Web is likened to travel and mobility in the physical world;
Travel analysis framework is proposed for extracting travel objects and discovering their roles;
The travel analysis framework was evaluated;
Web pages are manually annotated by using COHSE annotator;
Web pages could be automatically transformed based on the manual annotations.
WWW2003

13. Travel analysis framework
Extracting travel objects and creating a travel object inventory;
Classifying each travel object in the inventory.
Evaluation
Successful in demonstrating the applicability;
Participants were able to create inventories and classify travel objects in the inventory
Demonstrate that the framework is consistent and systematic.
WWW2003