1. Please get your FCIM: Mitosis
Focus Lesson
Please get your FCIM: Mitosis
Use your notes on Page 31 to complete the first definition column.
November 24th, 2014

2. How is genetic material transmitted to new cells?
Essential Question
How is genetic material transmitted to new cells?
Daily Objectives:
SWBAT Describe the process of DNA replication and its role in the transmission and conservation of genetic information.
SWBAT Explain how the similarities in the genetic codes of organisms are due to common ancestry and the process of inheritance.
SWBAT Recall the components and structure of DNA.

3. How will we get there? FCIM: Cell Cycle Organelles Mitosis Notes 31
Last Class
This Class
FCIM: Cell Cycle Organelles
Mitosis Notes 31
Reflection 30
Diagramming DNA 32
I.P. Mitosis 33
FCIM: Mitosis
DNA Structure and Replication (Pg 35)
Candy Lab (Pg 34)
HL: Science Fair
Choose a topic
Create a question
Conduct research
Form a hypothesis

4. Home learning is LEARNING!
If you do not finish work in class, you are responsible to do so on your own time.
Open up to page 33. If you did not complete this assignment in class it should have been completed as home learning.
Don’t forget to turn in SREs for extra credit!

5. Guided Notes: DNA Structure and Replication
Packing and copying our genetic material for cell division
PAGE 35

6. Retro Question: What is the function of a Nucleic Acid/DNA?
Answer the following on the Do Now section of your notes.
What is the function of a Nucleic Acid/DNA?
What is the monomer of a Nucleic Acid?

7. What is DNA?
DNA is the genetic code universal and common to almost all living things!
We all have DNA!
CFU: What do we mean by universal?

8. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Sound like a scientist!
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid

9. DNA STRUCTURE
The structure of DNA allows it to condense a ton of information.

10. DNA Structure DNA is made of 4 nitrogen base pairs.
Adenine (A) -Thymine (T)
Guanine (G) - Cytosine (C)
These form the “steps”
of our staircase.
A is a complementary pair to T
C is a complementary pair to G

11. What would be the correct DNA parings in the DNA of a spider?
You Practice
What would be the correct DNA parings in the DNA of a spider?
Adenine-guanine; cytosine-thymine
Adenine-thymine; cytosine-guanine
Cytosine-adenine; guanine-thymine
Cytosine-thymine; guanine-adenine

12. You Practice
2. The nucleotide sequences found in two different species are made of the same base pairs.
What is this is evidence of?

13. You Practice
3. Why would you be able to take the DNA from a human and insert it into a mouse?
Because mice and humans are both part of the animal kingdom
Because humans have special DNA that can take over any other DNA.
Because DNA is universal to all organisms
Because a mouse’s DNA can accept any type of DNA

14. DNA Structure
The whole monomer of a N.A. is a called a nucleotide. BUT REMEMBER! This single unit is made up of 3 different things!! 1 2 3
Draw a nucleotide on Pg 20

15. The sides of the stair case are made up of phosphate and sugar
The sides of the stair case are made up of phosphate and sugar. The steps on the stair case are made up of nitrogen bases attached to each other by hydrogen bonds.
Nitrogen Base
Phosphate
Sugar
Hydrogen Bond

16. Packing DNA Structure
The DNA is twisted into the shape of a double helix.
Which can then be twisted into chromosomes
Remember this?
Those are chromosomes!

17. Practice
Put the following structures in order from smallest and to largest:
Word Bank: Nucleus, chromosome, chromatid, DNA double-helix, base pairs
Answer: Base pairs, DNA double- helix chromatid, chromosome, nucleus

18. DNA Fun Fact!
Any two unrelated strangers anywhere on the planet share 99.9 percent of the same DNA. A miniscule fraction of the genome—about 3 million of its over 3 billion bases—accounts for the vast differences within the human race.
“But wait! How can DNA be the same in every organism but create so much genetic variety?”

19. Good Point face paint guy…
DNA Function
The structure of DNA allows it to be a common system that can code for a wide range of things.
The structure of DNA is always the same but the order of the nucleotides codes for different genes.

20. Function DNA codes for genes
The different genes code for different proteins.
All individuals have different variations or sequences of base pairs.
For example: GTACA might make a protein for small lips and AGTGA might make a protein for large lips:
TTTTTT
AGTGA

21. CFU How is genetic information stored in DNA?
-as different patterns of nucleotides
True or False. The more similar (alike) two organisms are, the more DNA patterns they have in common.
-True

22. “Wow. DNA is so cool. But what happens when we need more of it
“Wow. DNA is so cool! But what happens when we need more of it? Like, when a cell divides?
Good point baby Willow Smith. Remember during mitosis and meiosis when we needed to replicate the DNA?

23. How does DNA Copy itself?
DNA Replication is when the DNA molecule separates into two strands, then produces two new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing. Each strand of the double helix of DNA serves as a template, or model, for the new strand.
DNA Replication
1 DNA
2 DNA

24. How replication occurs
Helicase “unzips” a molecule of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds.
The principal enzyme involved in DNA replication is called DNA polymerase.
DNA polymerase even “proofreads” each new DNA strand!
Why does it make sense to call it DNA Polymerase?

25. DNA Replication

26. Let’s Practice Together!
Find the complimentary strand:
C –A –T –T –G –G –C –A –A
G –T –A –A –C –C – G –T –T

27. CANDY LAB: DNA Replication Page 34
If you have not met expectations today, you will be moved to the lab area to complete book work on page 34.
Each group will receive one handout.
Assign roles:
1 Director
1 Material Manager
2 Lab Technicians
Read the handout and follow all of the directions.
You will diagram your results, and answer Analysis Questions on Page 34 of your notebook.

28. Science Fair You have a six day holiday to do four things:
Choose a topic that you are interested in.
can help if you get stuck!
Create a scientific question that interests you.
Do some research! Find resources that will help you answer this question.
Develop a hypothesis. What do you think the answer will be.