1. What Everyone Needs To Know Before It’s Too Late
Diabetes 101
What Everyone Needs To Know
Before It’s Too Late

2. What You Can Expect Who has diabetes What is diabetes
Types of diabetes & what they are
Pre-diabetes
Symptoms & complications
Tests
What to do if you are pre-diabetic
Pets get diabetes too
Wrap up

3. EVERY 20 SECONDS
SOMEONE IS DIAGNOSED
WITH DIABETES
Are you next?

4. Who Has Diabetes? 23.6 MILLION children & adults have diabetes
That’s 7.8% of the population
5.7 Million are walking around undiagnosed
57 Million have pre-diabetes

5. What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a disorder that affects the way your body uses food for energy. Normally, food is digested and broken down into a simple sugar, known as glucose. The glucose then circulates in your blood where it waits to enter cells to be used as fuel.
Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, helps move the glucose into cells. A healthy pancreas adjusts the amount of insulin based on the level of glucose. But, if you have diabetes, this process breaks down, and blood sugar levels become too high.
Source: About.com

6. to get diabetes at current rates 1 in 3 babies born in the year 2000,
If Americans continue
to get diabetes at current rates
1 in 3 babies born in the year 2000,
will develop diabetes!
Source: Diabetes Forecast, Nov. 2009

7. Different Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Pre-Diabetes

8. Type 1 Diabetes A person with type 1 diabetes cannot produce insulin.
Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and used to be called juvenile diabetes, but can be diagnosed at any age.
Only 5-10% of people with diabetes have this form of the disease. 
By managing their insulin with frequent shots and other treatments, even young children with type 1 diabetes can learn to manage their condition and live long, healthy lives.

9. Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is more common in African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders, as well as older people.
In type 2 diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin.
When insulin isn’t removing glucose from the blood, it can lead to diabetes complications.

10. Gestational Diabetes
Pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high blood sugar (glucose) levels during pregnancy are said to have gestational diabetes.
Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women - about 135,000 cases of gestational diabetes in the United States each year.
We don't know what causes gestational diabetes but it usually disappears after the birth of the baby.
Gestational diabetes starts when your body is not able to make and use all the insulin it needs for pregnancy.
Having Gestational diabetes increases your risk of developing diabetes later in life and in other pregnancies.

11. Pre-Diabetes
Before people develop type 2 diabetes, they almost always have "pre-diabetes" -- blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.
There are 57 million people in the United States who have pre-diabetes.
Recent research has shown that some long-term damage to the body, especially the heart and circulatory system, may already be occurring during pre-diabetes.
A diagnosis of pre-diabetes is a warning that you are developing diabetes, however at this stage you can still prevent it from developing.

12. Symptoms Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes* Frequent urination
Unusual thirst
Extreme hunger
Unusual weight loss
Extreme fatigue
Irritability
Type 2 Diabetes*
Any of the Type 1 Symptoms
Frequent infections
Blurred vision
Cuts or bruises that heal slowly
Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
Recurring skin, gum or bladder infections
*Often people with Type 2 diabetes have no symptoms

13. Complications From Diabetes Are No Joke
Heart Disease: Diabetes carries an increased risk for heart attack, stroke, and complications related to poor circulation.
Kidney Disease (Nephropathy)/Kidney Transplantation: Diabetes can damage the kidneys, which not only can cause them to fail, but can also make them lose their ability to filter out waste products. This is called nephropathy.
Eye Complications: Diabetes can cause eye problems and may lead to blindness.
Diabetes, Oral Health and Hygiene: Diabetics are more at risk for the millions of germs in your mouth settling into your gums and causing infections.
Diabetic Neuropathy and Nerve Damage: Diabetic Neuropathy means damage to the nerves that run throughout the body, connecting the spinal cord to muscles, skin, blood vessels, and other organs.
Foot Complications: People with diabetes can develop foot problems most often caused by nerve damage in the feet or when blood flow is poor.
Skin Complications: As many as one-third of people with diabetes will have a skin disorder caused or affected by diabetes at some time in their lives. In fact, such problems are sometimes the first sign that a person has diabetes.
Gastro paresis: Gastro paresis is a disorder that affects peoples ability to empty their stomachs even though there is no blockage.
Depression: Some people with diabetes report feeling a sadness that just won't go away. Life seems hopeless.

14. you will always have diabetes
Once you have diabetes
( type 1 or type 2 )
you will always have diabetes
Source: Diabetes Forcast Nov 2009

15. How To Tell If You Have Pre-Diabetes…
There are two tests your doctor can use to determine whether you have pre-diabetes; the fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) or the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
The blood glucose levels measured after these tests determine whether you have a normal metabolism, or whether you have pre-diabetes or diabetes.
If your blood glucose level is abnormal following the FPG, you have impaired fasting glucose (IFG); if your blood glucose level is abnormal following the OGTT, you have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Normal fasting blood glucose is below 100 mg/dl. A person with pre-diabetes has a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dl. If the blood glucose level rises to 126 mg/dl or above, a person has diabetes.

16. Get Tested if… You are 45 years or older Your BMI is over 25
Are physically active less than 3 times weekly
Have a parent, brother or sister with diabetes
Have high blood pressure
Have high cholesterol or triglycerides
Had gestational diabetes during pregnancy or gave birth to a baby weighing more than 9lbs
Have polycystic ovary syndrome
Have blood vessel problems affecting your heart, brain or legs
Have dark, thick or velvety skin around your neck or in your armpits.

17. Pre-Diabetes is a Serious Illness
People with pre-diabetes are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease.
People with pre-diabetes have a 1.5-fold risk of cardiovascular disease compared to people with normal blood glucose.
People with diabetes have a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Take the diabetes risk test online at:

18. If you have Pre-Diabetes, you still have time to make changes
to avoid a lifetime with diabetes

19. What To Do If You Are Pre-Diabetic
If you have pre-diabetes you can do something about it so make a plan now.
Studies show that people with pre-diabetes can prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes by up to 58 percent through changes to their lifestyle that include modest weight loss and regular exercise.
Experts recommend that pre-diabetics reduce their weight by 5-10% and participate in modest physical activity for 30 minutes daily.
For most people with pre-diabetes, making these changes early can actually turn back the clock and bring blood glucose levels back to normal.

20. Diabetes Kills More people than AIDS and Breast Cancer each year!
Source: Diabetes Forcast Nov 2009

21. A Call To Act!
In a recent survey by the American Diabetes Association, most people were surprised to learn that 80% of people with Diabetes develop cardiovascular disease.
Most felt that Diabetes was life-altering, but not life-threatening.
Diabetes kills 220,000 people yearly
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure
Diabetes is the number 1 cause of blindness
Diabetes causes 60% of non-traumatic lower limb amputations

22. Even Americans not at risk for the disease are affected by
the financial toll of Diabetes
Diabetes costs a whopping
$174 BILLION in 2007.
Source: Diabetes Forcast Nov 2009

23. Pets Get Diabetes Too!
As with people, diabetes in cats and dogs is increasing. Diabetes now affects as many as 1/50 pets.
Veterinarians say that while obesity clearly is linked to diabetes in pets, it appears to contribute to the disease differently in cats and dogs.
Fat cats are prone to diabetes because they develop insulin resistance, meaning their bodies don't effectively use insulin. As a result, the pancreas pumps out more insulin than they can use thus destroying the cells.
With dogs, obesity is associated with an increased risk of pancreatitis — an inflammation of the pancreas — which can then lead to diabetes because the body doesn't make enough insulin.

24. Symptoms, Complications & Treatment
Symptoms of Diabetes in Pets
The symptoms of diabetes in pets are similar to those exhibited by humans and may include one or more of the following:
Loss of vision or the appearance of cataracts (in dogs)
Weakness in the rear legs (in cats)
Noticeable sweet odor in breath
The Complications of Diabetes
Lethargy, Seizures, Confusion, Loss of bladder control, Vomiting, Coma, Confusion, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Seizures, Dehydration, Metabolization
Treatment of Diabetes in Pets
Diabetes in pets is treated much in the same way as it is in people, with the primary treatments being:
Glucose monitoring and management
Insulin injections
Diet therapy
Exercise

25. Know Your Risks & Adopt A Healthy Lifestyle Now
Maintain a healthy weight
Participate in at least 30 minutes of physical activity daily
Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low fat foods
Reduce stress
Get blood glucose levels checked regularly
Know your families history of diabetes

26. Sources American Diabetes Association
National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
Diabetes Forecast Magazine
AltMD.com
Diabetes.org
About.com