1. Energy Diagrams in an Ecosystem

2. Flow means to move Energy Flow
Energy flows from producer to consumer to decomposer by matter

3. Food Chain
A diagram that represents a possible pathway through which energy and matter flow through an ecosystem
Arrows:
providing energy  receiving that energy
Prey  Predator
berries → mice → black bear

4. Food Chain:
Corn Grasshopper Field Mouse Hawk

5. Food Web:
Food web represents multiple pathways through which energy and matter flow through an ecosystem.

6. Trophic Level
Trophic Levels: the feeding positions in a food chain or web
1st level- Producers
2nd Level and up- Consumers
Final level- Decomposers

7. Trophic Levels

8. Food Chain Producer (trapped sunlight & stored food)
QuaternaryConsumer
Tertiary consumer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Producer (trapped sunlight & stored food)

9. Food Web

10. TUESDAY

11. Energy Loss

12. Launch Grass  Grasshopper  Frog  Snake  Owl
Label each organism by its trophic level
What do the arrows represent?
Predict the effect on Grass if snakes are removed from the population.
Predict! From this food chain, which type of organism will have the greatest number of individuals? Why do you think that?

13. Energy Pyramids and Graphs
diagrams that shows the energy level at each trophic level
the higher the level, the less energy

15. Predation
Predation is the process in which one organism (the predator) hunts and kills another organism (the prey) for food.

19. Producer  Consumer  Decomposer
Remember
In a food chain/web, the arrows represent which way the energy is flowing
Prey  Predator
Producer  Consumer  Decomposer

20. Energy is “lost” Thinking ahead
Why are there more organisms at lower trophic levels (producers, primary consumers) than there are at upper trophic levels (tertiary and quaternary consumers)?
Energy is “lost”

21. Law of Conservation of Matter
Matter, the substance all things are made of, cannot be created/destroyed, although it may be rearranged in space, and changed into different types of particles

22. Why we say “lost”
Matter cannot be created or destroyed but it can be changed
If matter is changed into a form of energy that an organism can’t use, it’s said to be “lost” from an ecosystem
For instance we can’t use solar or thermal energy. We need chemical energy (ATP)

23. (chemical energy  thermal energy)
Energy Loss
At EACH trophic level only 10% of chemical energy is passed on.
The remaining 90% is “lost” as heat
(chemical energy  thermal energy)

24. Energy Loss
Because of this, there is only roughly enough energy in an ecosystem to make it about a tertiary level

25. Pyramid of Energy Heat Heat Heat Heat 0.1% Consumers 1% Consumers
100% Producers
Heat
decomposers feed at each level.

26. Energy Graph Tertiary Consumer Secondary Consumer Primary Consumer
Producer