1. Figure 11-1 (p. 342) Illustration of the timing of shots taken between or during a heartbeat.

2. Table (p. 344) Reaction time measurements taken before and after taking an over-the-counter cold medication.

3. Figure 11-2 (p. 346) A sample of n = 4 is selected from the population
Figure (p. 346) A sample of n = 4 is selected from the population. Each individual is measured twice, once in treatment I and once in treatment II, and a difference score, D, is computed for each individual. This sample of difference scores is intended to represent the population. Note that we are using a sample of difference scores to represent a population of difference scores. Specifically, we are interested in the mean difference for the general population. The null hypothesis states that for the general population there is no consistent or systematic difference between the two treatments, so the population mean difference is D = 0.

4. Table (p.348) The number of doses of medication needed for asthma attacks before and after relaxation training.

5. Figure 11-3 (p. 349 The critical regions with  =
Figure (p.349 The critical regions with  = .05 and df = 4 begin at and –2.776 in the t distribution. Obtained values of t that are more extreme than these values will lie in a critical region. In that case, the null hypothesis would be rejected.

6. Figure (p. 351) The sample of difference scores from Example The mean is MD = –3.20 and the standard deviation is s = It does not appear that this sample was obtained from a population with a mean of D = 0.

7. Figure 11-5 (p. 352) The one-tailed critical region for  -
Figure (p. 352) The one-tailed critical region for  in the t distribution with df = 4.

8. Table (p.354) Reading comprehension scores for children in a matched-subjects study of a new reading program.

9. Table (p. 356) Hypothetical data showing the results from an independent-measures study and a repeated-measures study. The two sets of data use exactly the same numerical scores and they both show the same 5-point mean difference between treatments.