1. Q2a In what ways does Figure 2 indicate that the town centre of Runcorn is in decline? (4 marks)
Max 1 mark for listing without out clear reference to photograph evidence
For sale/to let sign – high order shops selling up due result of falling business
Closed premises indicates lack of investment
Graffiti/vandalism indicates socio/economic decline
Low order shops indicates lack of demand by multiple chain stores
Lack of pedestrians during day show lack of demand/decline of services
Lack of local authority investment e.g. flower pots etc

2. Outline factors which have contributed to the decline of town centres such as that shown in Figure 2 (4 marks)
Questions below 5 marks = point marking.
1 – 2 marks = describes factors affecting the CBD
3 – 4 marks = describes and explains factors by developing answers and linking ideas to wider issues
High rents/force prices up so less competitive
Traffic
Out of town shopping centres
Indoor shopping malls and high order shops
On line shopping

3. How to construct a level 3 answer:
With reference to one or more case studies, evaluate the success of measures to regenerate urban central areas in the UK. (7 marks)
How to construct a level 3 answer:
Introduce question/issues – Urban regeneration strategies e.g. Gentrification /property-led regeneration and link to wider geographical ideas e.g. sustainable development/top-down/bottom up strategies
Introduce case study, location/background information – need for regeneration – Specifics facts and figures e.g PARK HILL, SHEFFIELD
Evaluate success/failure using specific named project detail developing vocabulary e.g. Urban renewal/ brownfield site
Return to aim of question – overall success due to partnerships/stakeholders e.g affordable housing