1. What causes the Seasons?
The tilt of the Earth’s axis.
The Earth rotates on its axis, but it always points in the same direction.
Fall
Winter
Summer
Summer
Winter
Spring

2. The Earth’s Magnetic Field
Bar Magnet
The field lines defining the structure of the magnetic field are similar to those of a simple bar magnet.
Earth

3. Origin of the Magnetic Field
Produced by the motion of electrical charges.
Not entirely understood.
Scientist believe it is because of the convective effects of the rotation of the liquid metallic outer core of iron and nickel around the solid iron core of the Earth.
Similarly, the magnetic field of a bar magnet results from the motion of negatively charged electrons in the magnet.

4. Earth’s Magnetosphere
Solar Wind: Stream of ionized gases that blows outward from the Sun.
The Earth’s magnetic field shields it from much of the solar wind.
Magnetic field protects the Earth with large numbers of high energy (fast-moving) charged particles (protons & electrons).

5. Differential Heating of the Earth’s Surface
The Earth is unevenly heated on its surface.
This occurs because of the unequal amount of incoming solar radiation or “insolation”

6. Map of Average Solar Radiation
Where is the highest amount of the solar radiation? equator
Where is the lowest amount of solar radiation? North and south pole
How does this relate to climate around the world? Highest amount of sunlight- warmest weather
Near Equator
Near the poles
Equator = warmer climate
Poles = cooler climate

7. Photosynthesis
Plants absorb sunlight (solar energy) and convert it into glucose (food) which is chemical energy.
Chemical energy (food) gives us energy.