1. Carriage of TV-Anytime on DVB Transport Streams ETSI TS 102 323 V1.1
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Carriage of TV-Anytime on DVB Transport Streams ETSI TS V1.1
David White, NDS
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Content & PVRs
The concept of content (Blackadder) is not the same as when it is broadcast (Thursday evenings).
PVRs free content from schedules
There needs to be an easy link from content being offered to it being recorded and consumed.
The CRID is the solution TV-Anytime has standardised for referring to and obtaining content.
TV-Anytime specs: ETSI TS
In the viewer’s minds the idea of content (e.g. Blackadder) is not the same as the time when it is broadcast (Thursdays at 9pm). On one hand the viewer knows that he wants to watch Blackadder, on the other he must remember that it on Thursdays at 9pm.
TVA has been looking at how to link from the promotion of content to its delivery, enabling someone with a PVR to easily select content to be recorded.
To do this TV-Anytime has invented the Content Reference ID (CRID). The CRID is a token, a short piece of data, that represents a particular item of content, or a collection or content such as a series.
A CRID can then be converted into a reference to one or more instances of the content. An instance being a particular broadcast or a location on a web server. This step is known as location resolution.
Lets have a quick look how a CRID works
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3. Overview of CRIDs CRID is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
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Overview of CRIDs
CRID is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
CRID://<authority>/<data>
<authority> is split into two parts
<DNS name><path>
<DNS name> is a registered internet domain name
<path> is an optional element preceded with ‘;’ to allow multiple authorities to share a domain.
<data> part is allocated by the authority.
E.g. CRID://sky.com;films/CastAway
The CRID is a uniform resource indicator (URI) that has two parts.
The first part is the authority. Within a network there are one or more authorities, which are the organisations that publish CRIDs and provide the location resolution information. Within a particular TVA system there will be mechanisms to find authority information.
The second part of the URI is the data, which is the unique part assigned by the authority to a particular item of content or series.
The PVR will first use the authority part of the CRID to obtain information on the authority and therefore where to find location resolution data. The PVR will then use the data part to to search within that authority’s location resolution information to obtain the location of the content (e.g. when it is to be broadcast).
This step may be iterated since the CRID may resolve to one of more other CRIDs or more than one location.
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CRID Resolution
CRIDTOP
crids resolve to lists (of crids or locators). Lists can be getOne or getAll.
A CRID can resolve to other CRIDs.
(GetAll)
CRIDA
CRIDB
CRIDC
This is an example of how a CRID could resolve to multiple other CRIDs and the ways it can do that.
Every CRID resolves to a list consisting either of more CRIDs or of locators. These lists have attributes that can specifiy whether all items in the list should be retrieved or just one.
For example, the top CRID may represent a series and so will resolve to a list of CRIDs that have the attribute get-all. The CRID labelled ‘B’ may represent an episode that is shown in an edited form during prime-time and later at night uncut and so has the attribute get-one.
Ultimately, CRIDs must resolve into locators!
(GetOne)
locator
locator
CRIDB1
CRIDB2
(GetOne)
locator
locator
locator
At some point, CRIDs must resolve to locations
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Metadata
Describes content
Programmes and series
Schedules and channel information
Segmentation
Access before and after booking
Search of MD may lead to content
A recommendation may lead to content, but MD required after booking
TV-Anytime specifies:
XML Schema
Encoding for broadcast
But not delivery format!
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Overview of TVA on DVB
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The CRI Authority
All CRIDs are published by an authority
Metadata is often accessed by CRID & therefore by authority
Authority is not tied to a particular Network, Bouquet, Transport stream or Service
Authority is a new entity in a DVB network
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RNT: Structure
RNT targeted to receivers by context_id and context_id_type
CRI provider entry
CRID authority entry
RAR descriptors reference CRI
CRI for “authority1.com” provided by a second CRI provider
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CRI: structure
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Metadata
XML is very verbose - unsuitable for broadcast
TV-Anytime defines data format:
Fragment: Split document
Encode: Compact binary format (MPEG-7 BiM)
Encapsulate: Grouping and identification - containers
Index: Rapid access for searching (e.g. by CRID)
DVB defines broadcast method:
MHP object carousel
File names of containers
Linkage for finding metadata required
Enhancements
BiM codecs for DVB URI, strings, time & date, etc
Standard indices (e.g. Programme by CRID)
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Trailer booking
Delivering the CRID with description alongside trailer broadcasts
A more interesting example is to consider trailers for an up-coming new series. Wouldn’t be good if pressing the “book-this” key on your remote-control whilst viewing the trailer instructed the PVR to record the series when it is broadcast?
This is simple to achieve if the trailer is broadcast along with the programme’s CRID. The diagram shows the steps taken.
First the CRID and trailer are broadcast which interests the viewer.
The viewer then presses the “book-this” key which instructs the PVR to add the CRID to its list of recordings.
At some later date wen the programme of interest is broadcast the PVR will automatically record the programme and inform the viewer. Easy!
This is a very natural way of expressing interest in content, much more so than EPGs or listings magazines since there is nothing the viewer has to remember, no requirement to make a date with the television and no fiddly setting up of the video. It makes the link between firstly being attracted to content and then subsequently watching the material much stronger.
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Recording
CRIDs resolve into locators
Broadcast locator has 3 modes:
Time only mode - simplest mode
Event_id mode - supported by DVB now/next information
TVA_id mode
Overlapping and nested programmes
Programme status
Starting shortly, running, paused, canceled
Carried in EIT p/f (DVB now/next information)
Extensions to this in V1.2
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13. Headend infrastructure
TVA supports distributed model
Different authorities produce CRI and metadata
Distribution of data creation is a customer decision
Integration with existing SI
Additional tables
metadata descriptors in NIT, BAT, SDT, PMT.
Extensions to EIT to insert CRID
Carousel delivery
CRI and metadata
Real-time delivery
Trailer booking and TVA_id recording data
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The TVA on DVB V1.1 toolkit
Characteristics:
Efficient
Scalable
Flexible
Contains:
Represents TVA concept of an Authority
CRI delivery
Metadata delivery - a generic tool!
Trailer booking
Integration with EPGs
V1.1 is missing segmentation
Summary - the TVA on DVB toolkit
Many buzz-words: efficient, scalable and flexible
A selection of tools: select a-la carte to suite your needs!
Tools can be used for things other than TVA data - particularly metadata delivery.
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15. Timelines and segmentation
DSM-CC NPT rejected for TV-A on DVB segmentation timeline
Factors: generation, distribution, manipulation
No other candidate technology met requirements
Timelines and segmentation group formed
Sub-group of DVB-GBS
Implementing segmentation (TVA on DVB V1.2)
Creating a new timeline technology (Sync-ed Aux data)
Corrigenda to TVA on DVB v1.1
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Timelines #1
“Specification for the carriage of synchronised auxiliary data”
Working document GBS0173
Timeline features
Timeline manipulation (sync-ed pause, stop, start)
Multiple timelines
Different timeline format (video timecode, audio offsets)
Primary and offset timelines
Modes to avoid Advert-skipping
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Timelines #2
“Synchronised”
Timeline samples carried in PES: DTS & PTS
Remultiplexing is straightforward
Receiver passes-on data at time=DTS
“Auxiliary”
Open framework
descriptor structure in PES packet
Different types of data
Timeline samples
Recording control (TVA_id)
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Segmentation
Linking it in is challenging!
Requirements
Delivery pre, post or during broadcast
What information might be known?
What information can receiver use?
Dynamic and static modes
Either possible if delivery during broadcast
Using “external” segmentation
Disney segmentation of Bambi via internet
“internal” segmentation capabilities
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Conclusion
Two specifications in progress
V1.2 of TVA on DVB (corrigenda + segmentation)
V1.1 of Synchronised Auxiliary Data
Completion - end of year
Segmentation
Flexibility of delivery modes
Timelines
Standard MPEG synchronisation
Standard distribution & remultiplexing
Completes the TVA on DVB toolkit
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