1. Participles
2012

2. What are participles?
Participles are adjectives that are made from verbs.
“Verbal adjectives.”
The running man. (run)
The lost money. (lose)
The girl about to jump. (jump)  Latin uses 1 word here instead of 3!

3. You already know… PPP’s: Perfect Passive Participles
The 4th principal part of a verb.
Translated “having been verbed” or “verbed”
amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus: lose
amissus: having been lost, “lost”
Pecunia amissa: the lost money

4. Participle Tenses
Present
Perfect
Future

5. Participle chart Present Active Voice Passive Voice X Perfect Future
Present stem +
-ns, -ntis
(verbing)
Passive Voice X
Perfect
4th principle part of the verb –us, -a, -um
(verbed, having been verbed)
Future
4th principal part minus –us, –urus/-ura/-urum
(about to verb)
-ndus/-nda/-ndum
(verbing, must be verbed)

6. Participle chart Present Active Voice Passive Voice X Perfect Future
amans, amantis
(loving)
Passive Voice X
Perfect
amatus, -a, -um
(loved, having been loved)
Future
amaturus, -a, -um
(about to love)
amandus/-a/-um
(loving, must be loved)

7. Declining Participles
Participles that end in –us/-a/-um use the 1st and 2nd declension charts you’ve known and loved since Latin I.
-us -i a ae um -a
-i -orum -ae arum i orum
-o -is ae is o is
-um -os am as um a
-o -is ā is o is

8. Declining Participles
Present active participles (-ns, -ntis) decline like 3rd declension i-stem nouns.
M/F Neuter
amans amantes amans amantia
amantis amantium amantis amantium
amanti amantibus amanti amantibus
amantem amantes amans amantia
amante amantibus amanti amantibus