1. Winds
Winds are created by pressure differences – pressure gradients

2. Air Pressure The pressure exerted on an object by the air.
Occurs in all directions  up, down, sideways
A barometer is used to measure the amount of pressure in the air.
Measurements are expressed in units of mmHg (millimeters of Mercury) or atm (atmospheres)

3. High Pressure Zone/Cyclone
Occurs when temperatures are cold
Little or no moisture (humidity)
The air is heavy and sinks towards Earth’s surface
Winds move outward and clockwise around the center of a cyclone

4. Low Pressure Zone/Anticyclone
Occurs when temperatures are warm
Can have large amounts of moisture (humidity)
The air is light and rises upward into the atmosphere
Winds move outward and counterclockwise around the center of the anticyclone

5. Global Winds Global winds are created by the unequal heating of Earth.
The equator is much hotter than the rest of Earth, causing an extremely low pressure.
This causes air from adjacent areas to move towards the equator.
This movement begins a chain reaction of air movement throughout Earth, creating 6 wind belts.

6. The Coriolis Effect
The Coriolis effect is a result of the spinning of Earth.
As Earth spins, anything moving in a straight line from North to South will be deflected sideways.
In the Northern Hemisphere, winds, water, and other fluids will be deflected to the right at a 90o angle.
In the Southern Hemisphere, everything will be deflected to the left at a 90o angle.

7. Jet Stream
Fast flowing, relatively narrow air currents found just under the tropopause
Form at the boundaries of adjacent global wind belts

8. Assignment
Complete procedure questions for “Air Pressure Demonstration”
Identify Types of Energy Transfers Worksheet