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Nanotechnology in the Community College An Interdisciplinary Approach
A. Lamont Tyler & Holly J. Moore Dept. of Engineering Salt Lake Community College
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Salt Lake Community College
Two-year Community College In Utah State System of Higher Education 3 Main Campuses 11 Satellite Campuses in Salt Lake City Metropolitan Area Total Headcount ~60,000 FTE in Courses for Credit ~28,000
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General Education Requirement
AA (Associate of Arts) & AS (Associate of Science) 34 Semester hour credits 18-19 hours in distribution areas (minimum of one course in each area) Physical Science, Biological Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Humanities, and Interdisciplinary Introduction to Nanotechnology--Interdisciplinary ( 3 semester-credit hours )
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e-Portfolio Assignments Reflective Comments
1. Power Point File for Oral Presentation to Class 2. Paper on Same Subject Reflective Comments Students must add their own Comments
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e-Portfolio Requirement
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Explosion in Interest What to cover in an Introductory Course?
Challenge What to cover in an Introductory Course? Historically Important events Applications-experiment and/or field trips Student Presentations & Paper (topic of their choosing) “Google” search for Nanotechnology Fall ,000,000 sites Fall ,400,000 One year—factor or 4 increase
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Historically Important Events
1. Richard Feynman “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” Dec. 29, 1959 2. Discovery of C60—“Bucky Balls” 3. Associated discovery of Carbon Nanotubes 4. Dramatic Improvement in High Powered Microscopes
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Feynman’s Paper There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom--An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics by Richard P. Feynman American Physical Society Mtg – Caltech Dec. 29, 1959
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Feynman’s Genius Challenges Store 1 bit -- 100 atoms
1015 bits (collections of all the world’s libraries) on 1/200 inch cube Improve microscopes by a factor of 100 to read the genetic code in DNA From perspective of 50 years 1 terabyte hard drive - $65. 125 needed to store 1015 bits STEM (Brookhaven Nat’l Lab) x magnification in 1959
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1985 Discovery of C60 (Bucky Balls) Buckminster Fullerene
Richard Smalley, Robert Curl, Sir Harold Kroto 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
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Carbon Nanotubes Young’s Modulus – 1 terapascal Tensile Strength gigapascals Stongest & Stiffest known
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Improved Microscopes (Resolving Power)
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) nm Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) nm Scanning Tunneling Micro (STM) <1 nm Transmission Electron Micro. (TEM) nm Scanning Transmission Electron (STEM) <.05 nm Microscope
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Applications 1. Gold Nanoshells and Gold Nanoparticles
2. Light Emitting Diodes 3. Liquid Crystal Displays 4. Photovoltaic Cells 5. Silicon Integrated Circuits (Chip Fabrication)
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Gold Nanoshells Gold Nanoparticles
Illustrates: 1. Change in color with particle size 2. Simple chemical reactions to form nanoparticles 3. Color change with agglomeration 4. SEM view of gold nanoparticles.
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Colloidal Gold Gold Nanoshells
Colloidal gold on the left – Gold nanoshells tuned to absorb different wavelengths of light (6 vials on the right)
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Light Emitting Diodes (LED’s)
Ubiquitous (< 1/10 power of incandescents) Electronic lights/signals Traffic Semaphore Signals Flat-screen TV and Computer Displays Decorative Lighting (e.g. Christmas lights)
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Semiconductor Band Gap Energy
Essential to Understanding Light Emitting Diodes Photovoltaic Cells
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Semiconductor Band Gap
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Light Emitting Diodes
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LED Laboratory Exercise
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Liquid Crystal Displays
Illustrates: Wave character of light and the use of polarized light Ability of Ordered Liquid Crystals and Inability of disordered Liquid Crystals to rotate the plane of polarized light Liquid crystals disordered by a) Voltage b) Heat c) Pressure
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Liquid Crystal Display
Disordered Liquid Crystal Plane of polarized light not rotated. Ordered Liquid Crystal Rotates plane of polarized light
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Altered Liquid Crystal Display (Top & Bottom Polarizer Aligned)
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Photovoltaics (Solar Cells)
Illustrates: The particulate character of light Band Gap of Different Semiconductors Solar Spectrum
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Semiconductor Band Gap
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“Sandwich” Solar Cell
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Rooftop Solar Panels
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dc to ac convertor (before installation of panel)
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Power Output – Typical Day
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Silicon Integrated Circuits
Illustrates a remarkable success of Nanotechnology Moore’s Law: Number of devices on a silicon chip doubles every 2 years
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Silicon MOSFET Fabrication
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Capstone Assignment 1. Each student must select a Nanotechnological Topic of Interest to Him/Her 2. Make a minute Oral Presentation to the Class 3. Submit a 10-page Written Report
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Examples of Topics (2009-2010 Academic Year)
The Effect of Nanotechnology in Modern Warfare The Manufacture and Use of Carbon Nanotubes Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Cancer and other Diseases Nanotechnology in “Motes” or Mini-Computers Nanotechnology in Clothing—Self Cleaning and Water-Repellent Clothes Business Investments & Public Policy Concerning Nanotechnology Photo-Voltaic or Solar Cells Nano Foods
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Papers Attached (with permission of the authors)
“Materials – Gecko Tape” by Ryan Ramsey “Military Applications of Nanotechnology” by Chris Brown “Nanotechnology and its Uses Towards Disabilities” by Jason Anderson “Nanotechnology-- Policy and Fears” by Joshua Allred
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Compact Disc 1. Power Point Lectures 2. Laboratory Exercises
3. Titles of Textbooks 4. Students’ Papers 5. This Power Point File 6. Text of this Paper Other Resources
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