1. Globalisation, sustainability and localism
By the end of this lesson you will have:
Learnt about issues regarding globalisation and sustainability
Understood how schemes have been put in place to create sustainable living
Evaluated the effectiveness of sustainability schemes and the extent to which globalisation is at odds to a sustainable future

2. Globalisation – Enquiry Question 3
What are the consequences of globalisation for global development and the physical environment and how should different players respond to its challenges?
3.9 Ethical and environmental
concerns about unsustainability have led to
Increased localism and
awareness of the impacts of a
Consumer society.
a. Local groups and NGOs promote local sourcing ( Transition towns) as one response to globalisation by increasing sustainability (A: actions of local pressure groups); this
has economic, social and environmental costs and benefits.
b. Fair trade and ethical consumption schemes may reduce the environmental degradation, the inequalities of global trade and improve working conditions for some people. (A: actions of NGOs and pressure groups)
c. Recycling has a role in managing resource consumption and ecological footprints, but its use varies by product and place ( local authorities in the UK, local NGOs such as Keep
Britain Tidy). (F: environmental consequences of different patterns of resource consumption)

3. Last week of globalisation lessons
(for now…)

4. Re-cap – Odd one out
On your post it note, write down the odd word out for each of the following. Be prepared to explain WHY
A) Post-accession migration / 2004 / Africa
B) Politics / Diaspora / Migration
C) Nigel Farage / wanting immigration / TNCs
D) Trade protectionism / Bretton woods / European made bras
E) Columbia / Afghanistan / Cocaine

5. Feedback Globalisation DOES help development
Globalisation DOESN’T help development
Your opinion
Hyperglobalisers
Negative hyper globalisers
Depends where you live or where about in a country you live
Social development – schools, democracy Singapore/China
Switched off places
Depends what sort of development (may encourage economic development at the risk of social development)
Economic development – TNCs, jobs, economy Nike
Pollution prevents environmental development
Development cable shows economic development is prime – helping the poorest farmers
De-industrialisation (localised development) poor stay poor
H.D.I and globalisation
Uneven development
Literacy rates

6. Sustainability Can the earth cope with the pressures of globalisation?
TASK: Thinking of all you have learnt about globalisation thus far, what environmental strains are put on the earth and its resources?
Which pair can think of the most strains?
TASK: With the following pictures, please write what is the strain on the environment pictured and how does it link to globalisation?

8. Sustainability
‘meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’
Environmental sustainability means that no long lasting damage should be done to the environment; renewable resources must be managed in ways that guarantee continued use
Governments need to make bold moves for the future of the environment. Banning plastic bag use doesn’t exactly guarantee us with environmental sustainability in the future.
The government need to appreciate that social, economic and environmental sustainability are all link. Sustainable development requires integrated decision making.

9. Island ‘sustainable’
On your whiteboards, draw an ideal island for sustainable development. What energy would you use? What would you eat for food? Where would you get your water from? What would you build your houses with? How would you get around the island? What will your inhabitants wear?
Would you have to bring in legislation to keep your island sustainable (i.e. would you have to ban anything?)
Can your island be both globalised AND a
sustainable space?

10. Sustainability through local resourcing
Some consumers are starting to buy locally priced produce in order to combat the unsustainable nature of globalisation.
For example, meat bought at a local butchers from a local farm has a much reduced carbon footprint than meat bought at a supermarket.
90% of food for the Eden project’s 600,000 annual visitors is locally resourced
Todmordern labels itself a ‘transition town’ where inhabitants are encouraged to buy locally grown produce from public fruit and vegetable patches.
However, buying locally costs more money, and often people state they can’t afford to buy local produce over supermarket produce

11. Ethical consumption and Fairtrade
Ethical purchase = a financial purchase where the consumer has considered the social and environmental costs of production for food, goods or services
The rana plaza collapse
‘The accord’ is a document that many British TNCs have signed which is a legally binding agreement on worker safety
TASK: Analyse table 14.5 in pairs – of the three ethical consumption schemes (Fairtrade, supply chain monitoring, NGO action) which do you think is most effective?
TASK: Find someone who…

12. Recycling and Resource Consumption
Recycling material rather than sending it to a landfill
However, the carbon footprint of recycled materials can sometimes be high
The real goal is ‘circular economy’
TASK: Analyse figure and explain a circular economy in your own words
Discovery of new materials is also helping a ‘circular economy’. Often it is emerging economies that are leading the way in renewable energy and efficient technology

13. Revision – Chapter 14 Globalisation, development and the environment
Absolute poverty
Millennium development goals
Relative poverty
Development cable
Development linkages
Economic and social development measures
GDP
Economic sector balance
Informal sector
Human Development Index
Gender Inequality Index
A multi-speed world at varying speeds
Environmental winners and losers
Development and environmental trends for global regions
Gini co-efficeient
* Global poverty has halved since M.D.G
* World bank estimated global nominal GDP at US$78trillion
* Nigeria re-balancing its economic sector
* Norway is 1st in HDI index, Niger is last
* Average incomes in all continents has risen since 1950
* Asia has jumped past the absolute poverty line. Since 2010 Asia’s GDP is US$7000 per capita

14. Revision – Chapter 14
Social, environmental and political tensions caused by globalisation
Post-accession migration
Diaspora
Crude birth rate
Varying attitudes towards migration and cultural mixing
Tensions in London surrounding foreign investment and migration
Nationalist
Post-colonial migration
Legislating against global flows
Prohibited flows
Resource nationalism and protecting cultures
1million migrants from Eastern Europe to UK in the mid 2000s increased the UK population by 5million by 2015
Extremism in Europe
Around 40 governments limit their citizen’s freedom
Internet censorship in China and North Korea
Migration controls in the UK
First nations in Canada
Prohibited flow where Australian honey was banned in New Zealand due to fear of bee disease
Illegal flow of opium from Afghanistan to the Uk is estimated to contribute to 60% of Afghanistan's GDP

15. Revision – Chapter 14 Globalisation, sustainability and localism
Links between globalisation and rising environmental insecurity
Natural resources
Consumer society
Ecological footprint
Water footprint
Carbon footprint
The local sourcing solution
Food miles
Transition town
Ethical consumption and fair trade
Evaluation of consumption schemes
Recycling and resource consumption
Beyond recycling
Almost 1million people in ermeging economies have attained new ‘global middle class’ status; 2 billion are on the cusp of it
The average US citizen has an ecological footprint twenty times larger than a subsistence farmer in Sub-Saharan Africa
Todmorden as a transition town
Eden project serving 600,000 annual customers 90% locally sourced material
The Rana Plaza collapse
UK government actions