1. What Is Biology?

2. Agenda: 1/25/2018 2 Block: 3rd & 4th Block: Introductions!
Class syllabus/course expectations
Safety contract & materials checklist
The Scientific Method: Skittles Lab
Introductions!
Class syllabus/course expectations
Safety contract & materials checklist
The Scientific Method: Consumer Products

3. Can You Spot the Scientific Method?

4. Quick Write Answer the following prompt in 4-5 complete sentences.
There are areas on the planet that experience seasons when water is overabundant, and times when there is not enough water. Drought is when there is too little surface or groundwater. Drought can affect agriculture crops, and other plants as land dries up, keeping them from growing. Describe one way that you can save water that can be used when the planet is experiencing a drought.
GUIDING QUESTIONS
What is the method? What are the details?
What materials are needed?
Consider how much this method of saving water will cost?
How easy or difficult it will be for people in less fortunate countries to implement?

5. WHAT ARE ALL THE WAYS THAT WATER IS IMPORTANT TO US?
HOW DO WE CURRENTLY TRY TO SAVE WATER?

6. OUR PLANET IS COVERED BY WATER!

7. Freshwater vs. Saltwater
Remember, earth is covered with 71% water and the majority of that is saltwater.

9. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
An organized way to solve a problem through experimentation and observation

10. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD:
STATE THE PROBLEM
FORM A HYPOTHESIS (DO BACKGROUND RESEARCH first!)
CREATE AND CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT
OBSERVE AND RECORD DATA
ANALYZE AND DRAW CONCLUSIONS
COMMUNICATE RESULTS

11. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD STATE THE PROBLEM
Form a question about a specific event.
Example: Mouthwash kills bacteria. Which brand works best?

12. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 2. FORM A HYPOTHESIS Research the problem.
DO BACKGROUND RESEARCH FIRST!!
Research the problem.
Example:
Read the labels of types of mouthwash.
Which has the most antiseptic (germ-
killing) ingredients?

13. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 2. FORM A HYPOTHESIS
Make a testable educated prediction based on your
Research.
A hypothesis can be recognized by an ?if, then? Statement.
Example: IF Listerine has more antiseptic ingredients than Crest or the Wal-Mart brand, THEN it will kill more bacteria.

14. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 3. CREATE AND CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT
Create a way to test your hypothesis.
-Create a CONTROLLED experiment.

15. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD A controlled experiment MUST have 2 groups.
CONTROL GROUP: all conditions remain the SAME! It is a group you do not do anything to.
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP: a group or many groups who you test. The experiment is performed on this group.

16. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Establish the variables for your experiment.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: the variable that you change or manipulate (X axis for graphing)
DEPENDENT VARIABLE: the change or result that happens when the independent variable is used (Y axis for graphing)

17. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD: MOUTHWASH EXPERIMENT
REMEMBER OUR HYPOTHESIS: IF Listerine has more antiseptic ingredients than Crest or the Wal-Mart brand, THEN it will kill more bacteria.
Petri dish
Control Group- NO mouthwash {
Bacteria grown from swab
Listerine
Crest Brand
Experimental Group
Wal-Mart Brand

18. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD: MOUTHWASH EXPERIMENT
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:
Type of Mouthwash
DEPENDENT VARIABLE:
Amount of bacteria killed

19. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 4. OBSERVE AND RECORD DATA
Run the experiment & document the data

20. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 5. ANALYZE AND DRAW CONCLUSIONS
Determine from the data collected if the hypothesis was correct or incorrect.
EX: Listerine did kill more bacteria than the other brands because it had more antiseptic ingredients.

21. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 6. COMMUNICATE RESULTS
Share the results so the experiment can be repeated.

22. SOLVING THE WORLD’S DROUGHT PROBLEM…

23. CAN WE USE OCEAN WATER TO WATER CROPS INSTEAD OF FRESH WATER??
PROBLEM:
RESEARCH:
HYPOTHESIS:
EXPERIMENT:
IV:
DV:
CONTROL GROUP:
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP:
DATA:
CONCLUSIONS:
CAN WE USE OCEAN WATER TO WATER CROPS INSTEAD OF FRESH WATER??

24. PARTS OF A PLANT

25. HOMEWORK
Conduct your own research on plants. Write down three key facts about plants and plant growth and be ready to share one of them with the class tomorrow.
Consider questions such as:
What is needed for a seed to grow?
Why are plants important to our ecosystem?
What processes do plants carry out?
**These are questions to get you started, you should also come up with your own!

26. Warm-up: 1/26
Every year, millions of people visit zoos around the world. But some people believe that zoos are inhumane and that animals should not be kept in captivity. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.

27. REMINDERS DON’T FORGET -Return signed syllabus, safety contract
-Supplies & Materials: paper, paper towels, lysol wipes.
-Unit 1 Test: TBD

28. SCIENTIFIC METHOD VOCABULARY
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE OBSERVATION
DEPENDENT VARIABLE ANALYSIS
CONTROL
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
HYPOTHESIS
DATA

29. What Is Biology?

30. What is Biology? A. Biology= the study of life
Bio= life + -ology= the study of
B. Biologists organize living things into 6 groups called kingdoms. There are currently six kingdoms:
Kingdom
Example
Archaebacteria
Extremophile bacteria
Eubacteria
Typical bacteria
Protista
Seaweed, Amoeba, Slime Mold
Fungi
Yeast, Mushrooms
Plantae
Moss, Fern, Holly, Oak tree
Animalia
, Fish, Birds, Frogs, Humans

31. What are some examples of living and nonliving things?
LIVING OR NONLIVING?
Biotic= living Abiotic=Nonliving
-Made up of cells “A”= without
unicellular & multicellular
What are some examples of living and nonliving things?

32. How do you know something is alive?
There are 6 Characteristics of all living things... Characteristics of Life Video
Organization (The level of complexity)
Organism
Organ System
Organs
Tissues
STERNGRR (life processes) starts here!
Cells
Molecules
Atoms / Elements
How do you know something is alive?

33. 6 Characteristics of all Living Things
1. All living things are made of cells.
i. One-celled organism – unicellular
ii. Many-celled organism - multicellular

34. 6 Characteristics of all Living Things
2. Energy Use / Metabolism
Synthesis
Transport
Nutrition
Respiration
Synthesis = to make
Transport = to move
Nutrition = food
Respiration = to make energy

35. Plants use light energy of the sun to SYNTHESIZE (make) food
An organisms’ chemical reactions are called its metabolism
Plants use light energy of the sun to SYNTHESIZE (make) food
The blood is the body’s TRANSPORT system for moving oxygen, nutrients and wastes from one place to another.

36. NUTRITION (food) is needed by living organisms so it can be broken down
RESPIRATION is the process used by a living organism to break down food and produce energy

37. 6 Characteristics of all Living Things
3. Reproduction
4. Growth and Development
Reproduction = to make more individuals
Growth (and Development) = to get bigger and change

38. GROWTH is getter larger and development is changing
REPRODUCTION occurs when more individuals are produced. Organisms reproduce so to replace themselves so the entire species will survive.
GROWTH is getter larger and development is changing

39. 6 Characteristics of all Living Things
5. Respond to stimuli
Regulation
6. Adjust to environment
Excretion
Regulation = to adjust to changes
Excretion = to get rid of

40. REGULATION includes responding to stimuli and making adjustments to help maintain homeostasis
EXCRETION helps an organism to maintain homeostasis by getting rid of waste materials

41. Homeostasis
Organisms carry out the STERNGRR processes to maintain homeostasis
Homeostasis= to maintain a stable environment

42. Life Processes: STERNGRR
Synthesis – making materials
Transport – moving materials
Excretion – getting rid of wastes
Respiration – gas exchange AND production of energy (ATP)
Nutrition – gaining and using energy from food
Growth and Development – getting bigger and/or changing
Regulation – controlling internal processes
Reproduction – producing new cells or new organisms

43. Warm-up
Pick one of the 8 characteristics of life and describe it in detail. Be sure to provide an example to support your answer. Complete sentences only!!!

44. How Did Ebola Evolve to Affect Humans?
Dead or Alive?
Living things also contain DNA or RNA but…..
Remember
Biotic= living Abiotic= nonliving
Is Ebola a living thing?
How Did Ebola Evolve to Affect Humans?

45. Dead or Alive?
Ebola is a deadly VIRUS that is affecting people in parts of Africa.
Viruses:
1. Have DNA..... but no cellular structure
2. Can reproduce.....but only with a host
3. Use energy.... but this comes from the host cell’s machinery
So....is the Ebola virus a living thing? What do you think?

46. UNIT 1 VOCABULARY Synthesis Transport Excretion Control Respiration
Nutrition
Growth/development
Reproduction
Regulation
Homeostasis
Variables, I.V./D.V.
Control
Experimental Group
Hypothesis
Data
Observation
Analysis
Biotic
Abiotic
Science
Biology