1. Bell Work: Examine the below quote from Pres. Roosevelt.
“We have two problems: First, to meet the immediate distress; second, to build up a basis of permanent employment. As to immediate relief, the first principle is that this nation, this national government if you like, owes a positive duty that no citizen shall be permitted to starve. In addition to providing emergency relief, the federal government should and must provide temporary work wherever that is possible.”
What do you think about the quoted area highlighted in red. Write down 2 thoughts & be ready to discuss.
What role would government play in his plan?

2. A New President & a new deal

3. Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
Felt gov. had to take an active role in helping the economy recover
During campaign he created a program focused on relief, recovery, and reform
The First New Deal

4. FDR Gets to Work
FDR inaugurated March 4th, Congressional session started March 9th and ended mid-June
Called the “100 Days”
Fireside Chats - communicated directly with the public through radio broadcasts in which he explained his policies in a warm casual style

5. The First 100 Days
Protection of Gold: 1933 Banking Act (Glass Steagall) which required banks insured deposits
Bank Legislation: Emergency banking act authorizing gov. to inspect banks health
Inaugural Address: We have nothing to fear but fear itself!
Bank Holiday: a temporary shutdown of all banks & only banks in good shape allowed to reopen
Budget Message: restoring confidence & fueling spending

6. The First New Deal - programs
FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Agency) – Provided federal money for relief projects to the roughly 13 million unemployed
PWA (Public Works Administration) – Created jobs by having people build public works, such as highways and bridges
AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Administration) – Regulated farm production and promoted soil conservation
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) – Hired young men to work on other conservation projects, such as planting trees
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) – Protected money of depositors in insured banks
NRA (National Recovery Administration) – Regulated industry and raised wages and prices

7. The Second New Deal - programs
Programs focused more on social reform:
WPA (Works Project Administration) – Established national works programs to create jobs
REA (Rural Electrification Administration) – Brought electricity to rural areas
Wagner Act – Protected labor’s right to form unions and set up a board to hear labor disputes
Social Security Administration – Provided pensions, insurance and retirement benefits for the elderly, unemployed and disabled

8. Legacies of the New Deal
New agencies cause expansion of Federal gov.
The Federal gov. takes a larger role in social reform instead of State & Local gov.
Power of Executive Branch increased
FDR proposed more bills & programs than any other President before him

9. Roosevelt’s Reelection
Roosevelt was reelected in 1936
Business leaders did not want Roosevelt reelected because they felt the gov. was gaining too much power at their expense
Roosevelt had a huge group of working class American supporters who overpowered the business leaders

10. FDR & the Supreme Court
Most of the 9 justices didn’t support FDR’s reforms
They felt FDR’s reform had given the federal gov. too much economic control
FDR proposed a bill that would add 6 more justices
As president, he’d get to nominate(chose) them
Congress voted it down saying it interfered with the system of checks and balances

11. The Decline of the New Deal
The economy would not recover until the US entered WWII
He was wrong – The economy fell
Which reduced the New Deal Programs
FDR reduced spending
Believing the economy had recovered
Wanting to reduce the deficit
The Decline of the New Deal
One problem with FDR’s New Deal its relying on deficit spending for funding
Deficit Spending: using borrowed money to fund government programs

12. Eleanor Roosevelt As first lady she brought power to women
Fought for human rights, child welfare, and equal rights for women and minorities
One of the most influential women of the 20th century