1. Figurative Language A writer’s tool
It helps the reader to visualize (see) what the writer is thinking
It puts a picture in the reader’s mind

2. PUN Humorous use of a word with two or more possible meanings
Examples:
I’ve got your pack…way back!
The best way to communicate with a fish is to drop them a line.
A horse is a very stable animal.

3. PUN

4. OXYMORON Figure of speech in which opposites are combined Examples
Jumbo shrimp
Living dead
Pretty ugly

5. OXYMORON

6. SIMILE A simile is used to compare two things
It uses the words “like” or “as” to make comparisons.
Examples:
Krissy is as pretty as a picture.
Her hair shines like the sun.
Her eyes sparkle like the stars in the sky.

8. ALLUSION
A reference to a person, place, or event in past history, religion, mythology, or literature.
Examples:
If it keeps raining like this, we may have to build an ark.
You are going down like the Titanic.
My mom is so strict. She’s like Hitler.

9. ALLUSION

10. FORESHADOWING Hints of something later to come Examples:
A gun is a sign of upcoming events. Sometimes it will be hidden in a drawer or glove compartment. 
Worry or apprehension of a character also foreshadows. This may be shown with facial expressions, gestures, or words. At this point the readers don’t know what is wrong, but they anticipate finding out. 
A character’s thoughts can foreshadow. For example, “I told myself this is the end of my trouble, but I didn’t believe myself.”

11. FORESHADOWING

12. PARADOX
A statement which seems to be contradictory but is really logical.
Examples:
Nobody goes to that restaurant because it is too crowded.
The beginning of the end
Bittersweet

13. PARADOX

14. HYPERBOLE A figure of speech which is an exaggeration
Often confused with a simile or a metaphor because it often compares two objects
Examples
His feet were as big as a barge.
She talks a million miles per hour.
She had to walk across the world to get to the stadium.

16. PERSONIFICATION
Giving human traits (qualities, feelings, action, or characteristics) to non-living objects (things, colors, qualities, or ideas)
Examples
The window winked at me.
The run down house appeared depressed.
The waffle jumped out of the toaster.

18. METAPHOR Examples A metaphor is used to compare two things
Instead of saying something is “like” or “as” --- a metaphor states that it just IS.
Examples
John’s mind is a computer.
My mom is a workhorse.
Bob is a snake in the grass.

21. ONOMATOPOEIA A word that imitates the sound it represents
The sounds literally make the meaning of the word

22. Onomatopoeia Examples
“Buzz”
-in reference to a bee
“Tick”
-in reference to a clock
“Purr”
-in reference to a cat

24. ALLITERATION
The occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

25. Alliteration Examples
Sally sells sea shells by the seashore.
The sentence has the same letter and sound repeated more than two times.