1. 1.2 Maps and Mapmaking
Mr. Davis

2. Maps and Globes: To locate places, geographers use maps and globes.
Globe: A sphere with a map of the Earth printed on it
Because a globe is the same shape as the earth, it shows sizes and shapes accurately.
Map: Unlike a globe, a flat map, of the world allows you to see all the Earth’s surface at one time. It is easier to hold and shows more details.

3. Map Projections
Mapmakers, or “cartographers”, have developed many different map projections.
Map projections are ways of drawing the Earth on a flat surface.
What might be a problem with map projections?
Some projections show the size of landmasses correctly, but misrepresent their shapes.
Overall, distortions (a false account) can make a map less accurate.

4. Mercator Projection:
In 1569, Gerardus Mercator developed the best map of its day.
For hundreds of years, sailors depended on this map.

5. Robinson Projection This is the map that is used today.
It gives a fairly accurate view of the relationship between landmasses and water.

6. Kinds of Maps
Political map: Shows boundaries that people have set up to divide the world into countries or states.
Physical map: Shows the natural features (mountains and rivers).

7. Population map: Shows how many people live in a particular area.
Economic map: Shows hoe people of a certain region make a living (classes)
Natural resources: Links between the resources in one area and how people use the land.
Can you think of any other types of maps?

9. Longitude and Latitude
Remember that lines of latitude run east to west BUT measure the distance between the north and south.
The Equator is an imaginary line that lies at 0O latitude.
It divides the earth into two halves, called hemispheres.
Northern and Southern
Longitude:
Lines of longitude on a map or globe run north and south between the North and South Pole.
They measure distances east and west from the Prime Meridian.

11. Find the following!
Using your longitude and latitude map in your book, locate the following and give the latitude and longitude.
Be prepared to explain your answer!
Florida
Russia
Nevada
Greenwich, England

12. Time Zones Why does time differ from place to place?
The earth rotates on its axis. A s the Earth moves, the sun appears to rise in some places and set in other.
Standard time zones:
Created in 1884
It divides the world in 24 different time zones

13. Making Accurate Maps:
The oldest surviving map was created in 2300 B.C.
Early map making:
Early cartographers relied on sailors and travelers as well as legends from other maps to create a map.
These maps included many errors.
Five Hundred Years ago European map makers didn’t even know that North and South America excited!

14. Using Satellites
By taking photos from space, satellites provide information that no one on ground can.
The first satellite launched in 1972, named Landsat 1, and took picture from about 570 miles away. Within two years 80% of the Earth’s surface was photographed.