1. ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Design and Simulation of Solar Grid-Connected Charger for Electric Vehicles
By:
Dr. Muhammad Akmal
Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering,
Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE

2. OUTLINE Introduction Proposed Solution
Problem Statement
Motivation
Proposed Solution
Section 1
Section 2
System Modelling in DIgSILENT Power Factory
Calculations
Simulation Results and comparison
Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION: Problem Statement
Current dependence on the non-renewable energy sources
Fossil Fuels Cause Environmental pollution
Around 30% of the worldwide energy is consumed by the transportation sector
Electric vehicles (EVs) are a potential solution to decrease the direct usage of fossil fuels
The current problem with EVs is that the existing charging systems are overloading the grid and their availability is not enough
Solar Energy based charging systems can solve the problems of grid overloading as well as possibility at remote locations, where grid connectivity is an issue
UKSIM 2018

4. INTRODUCTION: Motivation
Solar panels have become more competitive source of electrical energy with the decreasing prices
Ideal climate for solar energy in the UAE and in all Middle-East Countries
The renewable energy targets and various V2G approaches for demand response adds more interest in electrical vehicles and their charging systems
This paper proposes a design of grid connected charging system in the Middle-East climate, where solar energy is an abundant source
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5. PROPOSED SOLUTION: Proposed Implementation of a Solar charging Station for Electric Vehicles
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6. PROPOSED SOLUTION: System components
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7. System Modelling in DIgSILENT Power Factory
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8. Calculations 𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛
From the simulation, we can see that there are 5 main DC converters. The DC-DC converter 1 is the DC converter that is the main DC converter that is supplying the loads with solar DC voltage. The first step is to find the Duty cycle out of each DC-DC converter. This can be calculated using the below formula:
𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛
The Duty cycle obtained is then compared to that stated in the simulation. The percentage difference between them is then calculated by the formula: (Difference/measured) × 100
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9. Calculations… continued
The next step is to calculate the current Iin that is entering into the DC-Dc converter.
This can be done by using the following formula:
𝐼 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑖𝑛
The next step is to calculate the output current (Iout) that is leaving the DC-DC converter. Since we know that
𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 = 𝐼 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡
The output current Iout can be calculated using:
𝐼 𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 𝐼 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡
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10. Comparison of Calculations and Simulation Results
Vin
Vout
Pin
Iout (simulation)A
I in (sim)A
D simulation
D (calculated)
I in (cal)
I out (cal)
% diff for D
% diff for I in
% diff for I out
DC 1
400
300
143700
449
359
0.8
0.75
359.25
479
6.667
6.2630
DC2
200
44000
193
138
0.714
220
7.1
12.272
DC 3
60000
263
188 6
12.333
DC 4
49000
214
153
163.33
245
DC 5
18000 79 56 60 90
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11. Scenarios for Dynamic Simulation
The system was tested to display results for three important events.
The first event is “night” time (The switch event is disconnecting the PV at sunset at 2 seconds). The night time is represented from 2 to 4 seconds in the simulation.
The second event is “day” time (at sunrise the switch event is connecting PV again to the system). Day time is represented multiple times in the simulation, which are 0 to 2 seconds, 4 to 10 seconds.
Finally the third event is “grid-off” (at a time when the grid supply is off during the day time in emergency condition or islanded operation). This event is mentioned from 6 to 8 seconds in all simulations.
The edges will be mentioned as sunset (at 2 seconds), sunrise (4 seconds) and grid-off (6 seconds).
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12. RESULTS: Dynamic Simulation
sunset
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13. RESULTS:
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14. RESULTS:
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15. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
To conclude Solar charging of EV vehicles will reduce grid burden
It provides greener transport solution
The comparison between manual calculations and simulation results gives very close results
The marketing strategy for Electric Vehicles has to be worked out for promotion of the product.
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16. THANK YOU ANY QUESTIONS CONTACT EMAIL: MUHAMMAD.AKMAL@ADU.AC.AE